Korean J Orthod.  2020 Mar;50(2):98-107. 10.4041/kjod.2020.50.2.98.

Posterior dental compensation and occlusal function in adults with different sagittal skeletal malocclusions

• Hwang S
• Choi YJ
• Jung S
• Kim S
• Chung CJ
• Kim KH

• KMID: 2471870
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2020.50.2.98

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to compare posterior tooth inclinations, occlusal force, and contact area of adults with different sagittal malocclusions.
METHODS
Transverse skeletal parameters and posterior tooth inclinations were evaluated using cone beam computed tomography images, and occlusal force as well as contact area were assessed using pressure-sensitive films in 124 normodivergent adults. A linear mixed model was used to cluster posterior teeth into maxillary premolar, maxillary molar, mandibular premolar, and mandibular molar groups. Differences among Class I, II, and III groups were compared using an analysis of variance test and least significant difference post-hoc test. Correlations of posterior dental inclinations to occlusal function were analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis.
RESULTS
In male subjects, maxillary premolars and molars had the smallest inclinations in the Class II group while maxillary molars had the greatest inclinations in the Class III group. In female subjects, maxillary molars had the smallest inclinations in the Class II group, while maxillary premolars and molars had the greatest inclinations in the Class III group. Occlusal force and contact area were not significantly different among Class I, II, and III groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Premolar and molar inclinations showed compensatory inclinations to overcome anteroposterior skeletal discrepancy in the Class II and III groups; however, their occlusal force and contact area were similar to those of Class I group. In subjects with normodivergent facial patterns, although posterior tooth inclinations may vary, difference in occlusal function may be clinically insignificant in adults with Class I, II, and III malocclusions.

Keyword

Cone beam computed tomography; Occlusal force; Sagittal skeletal malocclusion

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Bicuspid
Bite Force
Compensation and Redress*
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Female
Humans
Male
Malocclusion*
Molar
Tooth

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Transverse width and posterior inclination measurements.A–B distance: buccal maxillary width at the midroot level. C–D distance: buccal mandibular width at the midroot level. Maxillary alveolar width: difference between A–B and A′–B′ width divided by 2. Mandibular alveolar width: difference between C–D and C′–D′ width divided by 2. Angle U4R and angle U6R: maxillary right premolar/molar inclination. Angle U4L and angle U6L: maxillary left premolar/molar inclination. Angle L4R and angle L6R: mandibular right premolar/molar inclination. Angle L4L and angle L6L: mandibular left premolar/molar inclination.FH, Frankfort horizontal.

• 

  Figure 2 Image of the pressure-sensitive film and CCD camera screen used in the dental prescale system.

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