J Korean Orthop Assoc.  1974 Sep;9(3):284-288. 10.4055/jkoa.1974.9.3.284.

A Study on the Skeletal Development of Korean Children, Part III: The Foot and Ankle

• Kim SK
• Lee DY

• KMID: 2471483
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.1974.9.3.284

Abstract

The authors surveyed the skeletal maturity of the the feet and ankles of 1.156 Korcan children from 7 to 19 years of age. The assessment was made by using "Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Foot and Ankle" by Hoerr. Pyle, and Francis. The following observations are made: 1. The mean skeletal ages in the foot and ankle are presented in Table 1. and the median values of the onset and completion of ossification are shown in Table 2. 2. The scatter diagram and the formula of regression line between the chronological ages and the skeletal ages of these children are presented in Figures 2 and 3. 3. The onset of ossification in Korean children after 7 years of age is the same or somewhat slower than in the standard American children. The completion of ossification was about 14 months earlier in male and 5 months earlier in female, so that the span of ossification in Korean children was shorter than that of the standard American children. 4. The skeletal ages of the feet and ankles of the standard American children from 7 to 18 years of age are within one standard deviation from those of Korean children. 5. The authors have concluded that the American foot and ankle standard by Hoerr, Pyle, and Francis can be used for Korean children with reasonable accuracy, although there is some difficulty in using them because of considerable discrepancy in the completion of ossification between Korean and standard American children.

MeSH Terms

Ankle*
Child*
Female
Foot*
Humans
Male

Reference

1. Buehl C.C., Pyle S.I.The Use of Age at First Appearance of Three Ossification Centers in Determining the Skeletal Status of Children. J. Pediatrics. 21:335. 1942.

2. Greulich W.W., Pyle S.I.Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist. 2nd Edition. Stanford University Press, Stanford;California: 1959.

3. Hoerr N.L., Pyle S.I., Francis C.C.Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Foot and Ankle. 1962. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois.

4. Jaffe H.L.Metabolic, Degenerative, and Inflammatory Diseases of Bones and Joints. 1972. Lea and Febiger;Philadelphia:

5. Mellman W.J., Bongiovanni A.M., Hope J.W.The Diagnostic Usefulness of Skeletal Maturation in an Endocrine Clinic. Pediatrics. 23:530. 1959.

6. Pyle S.I., Hoerr N.L.Radiographic Atlas of Skeletal Development of the Knee. 1955. Thomas, Springfield;Illinois:

7. Pyle S.I., Hoerr N.L.A Radiographic Standard of Reference for the Growing Knee. 1969. Thomas, Springfield;Illinois:

8. Pyle S.I., Mann A.W., et alA Substitute for Skeletal Age (Todd) for Clinical Use: The Red Graph Method. J. Pediatrics. 32:125. 1948.

9. Simmons K., Gruelich W.W.Menarcheal Age and the Height, Weight and Skeletal Age of Girls Age 7 to 17 Years. J. Pediatrics. 22:518. 1943.

10. Stuart H.C., Pyle S.I., Cornoni J., Reed R.B.Onsets, Completions and Spans of Ossification in the 29 Bone Growth Centers of the Hand and Wrist. Pediatrics. 29:237. 1962.

11. U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. A Radiographic. Standard of Reference for the Growing Hand and Wrist. 1971. The Press of Case Western Reserve University;Cleveland, Ohio: