J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2020 Feb;61(2):138-145. 10.3341/jkos.2020.61.2.138.

Association between Dry Eye Questionnaires and Dry Eye Sign in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea. sieh12@schmc.ac.kr

Abstract

PURPOSE
The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and the Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) which are standard questionnaires of dry eye syndrome were used to determine the associations between clinical dry eye tests and meibomian gland dysfunctions (MGD).
METHODS
Forty-one patients with MGD were enrolled in this study. The score of the dry eye syndrome questionnaire and the degree of blepharitis (score: 0-4), Schirmer test results, degree of fluorescence staining of cornea (Oxford Grading System), tear break-up time (TBUT), Pentacam imaging, and anterior segment optical coherence tomography results were used to compare and analyze the results of each test for possible correlations with the dry eye questionnaire answers.
RESULTS
There was a significant correlation between OSDI and SPEED (R = 0.278, p = 0.011). SPEED was correlated with the Oxford grade (R = 0.478, p < 0.001) and MGD grade (R = 0.280, p = 0.011) while there was no significant correlation with corneal aberrations, tear meniscus height, tear meniscus area, Schirmer test results, or TBUT. The OSDI correlated with the MGD grade (R = 0.651, p < 0.001), TBUT (R = −0.360, p = 0.001), and age (R = −0.230, p = 0.037). Using multiple regression analyses, the MGD grade affected the OSDI (β = 0.580, p < 0.001) and the Oxford grade significantly influenced the SPEED (β = 0.447, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
In Koreans, the OSDI questionnaire answers were associated with the MGD grade and SPEED questionnaire answers were associated with the corneal surface status. The OSDI questionnaire was therefore clinically useful in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction.

Keyword

Dry eye disease; Meibomian gland dysfunction

MeSH Terms

Blepharitis
Cornea
Dry Eye Syndromes
Fluorescence
Humans
Meibomian Glands*
Tears
Tomography, Optical Coherence

Figure

  • Figure 1 Mean and standard deviation of (A) Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and (B) Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) sorted by meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) grading. Based on one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). *Statistically significant (p < 0.05). One way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc test.

  • Figure 2 Spearman correlation between Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) and dry eye signs. Correlation graphs between SPEED and (A) Oxford grade, (B) meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) grade. ‘R’ means correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was calculated by Spearman correlation analysis.

  • Figure 3 Spearman correlation between Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and dry eye signs. Correlation graphs between OSDI and (A) meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) grade, (B) tear break-up time (TBUT), and (C) age. ‘R’ means correlation coefficient. Statistical significance was calculated by Spearman correlation analysis.


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