J Dent Rehabil Appl Sci.  2019 Dec;35(4):206-213. 10.14368/jdras.2019.35.4.206.

A study of incidence of palatal side abfractions in maxillary posterior teeth

• Song JH
• Heo Y
• Lee GJ

• KMID: 2470625
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2019.35.4.206

Abstract

PURPOSE
Most of studies dealing with abfractions are limited to the buccal surfaces of the teeth. In this study, we analyzed the cause for abfraction by investigating the incidence of palatal side abfractions in maxillary posterior teeth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We investigated a total of 3193 maxillary posterior teeth by an intraoral examination, model observation, and observation of virtual model fabricated using model scanning. We recorded the results and classified them depending on the type of teeth, age, gender, and side of arches. We also performed Chi-square test to evaluate the statistical significance among the groups (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
The incidence of palatal side abfraction of the maxillary molars (10.8%) was higher than the premolars (6.8%), and among them, the incidence of the 1st molars (39.1%) were the highest. The incidence of palatal side abfraction increased with age and was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in the difference by gender (P > 0.05); in the case of arches, left arch showed higher incidence and it was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Palatal side abfraction in maxillary posterior teeth was frequently observed in the maxillary 1st molars, and the incidence increased with age. This result suggests that the main reason for abfraction is due to occlusal force.

Keyword

tooth fractures; tooth abrasion; tooth attrition; occlusal force

MeSH Terms

Bicuspid
Bite Force
Incidence*
Molar
Tooth Abrasion
Tooth Attrition
Tooth Fractures
Tooth*

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Palatal side abfractions (arrow). (A) Oral examination, (B) Cast, (C) CAD (Computer Aided Design).

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  Fig. 2 Distribution of palatal side abfractions in maxillary molar and premolar. Out of 3193 teeth, 276 teeth exhibited palatal side abfractions. When manifestation of palatal side abfraction was classified depending on the type of teeth, 1st premolar accounted for 19.2% (53 teeth), 2nd premolar 22.8% (63 teeth), 1st molar 39.1% (108 teeth), and 2nd molar accounted for 18.8% (52 teeth).

• 

  Fig. 3 Distribution of palatal side abfractions according to the age. The ratio of palatal side abfraction in maxillary posterior teeth surveyed for each age was 1.3% under 29 years of age, 3.9% for 30 - 39, 7.4% for 40 - 49, 10.5% for 50 - 59, 15.1% for 60 - 69, and 9.9% for 70 years old and above.

Reference

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