J Korean Acad Oral Health.  2019 Dec;43(4):210-216. 10.11149/jkaoh.2019.43.4.210.

Possibility of predicting missing teeth using deep learning: a pilot study

• Kim SJ
• Rim D
• Heo JU
• Cho HJ

• KMID: 2467828
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2019.43.4.210

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The primary objective of this study was to determine if the number of missing teeth could be predicted by oral disease pathogens, and the secondary objective was to assess whether deep learning is a better way of predicting the number of missing teeth than multivariable linear regression (MLR).
METHODS
Data were collected through review of patient's initial medical records. A total of 960 participants were cross-sectionally surveyed. MLR analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the number of missing teeth and the results of real-time PCR assay (done for quantification of 11 oral disease pathogens). A convolutional neural network (CNN) was used as the deep learning model and compared with MLR models. Each model was performed five times to generate an average accuracy rate and mean square error (MSE). The accuracy of predicting the number of missing teeth was evaluated and compared between the CNN and MLR methods.
RESULTS
Model 1 had the demographic information necessary for the prediction of periodontal diseases in addition to the red and the orange complex bacteria that are highly predominant in oral diseases. The accuracy of the convolutional neural network in this model was 65.0%. However, applying Model 4, which added yellow complex bacteria to the total bacterial load, increased the expected extractions of dental caries to 70.2%. On the other hand, the accuracy of the MLR was about 50.0% in all models. The mean square error of the CNN was considerably smaller than that of the MLR, resulting in better predictability.
CONCLUSIONS
Oral disease pathogens can be used as a predictor of missing teeth and deep learning can be a more accurate analysis method to predict the number of missing teeth as compared to MLR.

Keyword

Deep learning; Linear regression; Missing teeth; Real-time PCR; Periodontitis

MeSH Terms

Bacteria
Bacterial Load
Citrus sinensis
Dental Caries
Hand
Learning*
Linear Models
Medical Records
Methods
Periodontal Diseases
Periodontitis
Pilot Projects*
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Tooth*

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