J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs.  2019 Dec;28(4):362-372. 10.12934/jkpmhn.2019.28.4.362.

The Effects of the ‘Becoming Happy I’ Program on Gratitude Disposition, Self-esteem, Flow, and Subjective Happiness in Nursing College Students

• Jo GY
• Park HS

• KMID: 2467508
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2019.28.4.362

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the "˜Becoming Happy I' program on gratitude disposition, self-esteem, flow, and subjective happiness in nursing college students.
METHODS
Participants in this study were 39 nursing college students (20 in the experimental group and 19 in the control group) at a college of nursing. The research design was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest as a quasi-experimental study. Data was collected from February to April in 2011 and analyzed via the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program with the χ² test, Fisher's exact test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Tukey HSD test.
RESULTS
There were significant changes in gratitude disposition, self-esteem, flow, and subjective happiness in the experimental group before and after treatment, which was significantly different from the control group, and these effects lasted at a 4-week follow-up.
CONCLUSION
The "˜Becoming Happy I' program was effective in improving gratitude disposition, self-esteem, flow, and subjective happiness for nursing college students. As a result, we recommended that the "˜Becoming Happy I' program be utilized as an effective intervention for nursing college students to improve gratitude disposition, self-esteem, flow, and subjective happiness.

Keyword

Happiness; Self concept; Students; Nursing

MeSH Terms

Follow-Up Studies
Happiness*
Humans
Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Nursing*
Research Design
Self Concept

Reference

1. Kwon SM. Positive psychology. Seoul: Hakjisa;2008. p. 128.

2. Seligman MEP, Peterson C. Positive clinical psychology. A psychology of human strengths: fundamental questions and future directions for a positive psychology. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association;2003. p. 369.

3. Kim JH, Jeon HO. Factors influencing subjective happiness in nursing students: focused on psycho-social factors. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 2016; 25(2):123–132. DOI: 10.12934/jkpmhn.2016.25.2.123.

4. Lee EH, Kim JY, Jang JY, Byun JN. The effects of gratitude diary activities on happiness and gratitude disposition among college students. Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities and Sociology. 2017; 7(4):907–917.

5. Kim EY, Lim KS. The effect of stress on the happiness index of nursing college students: focusing on mediating effects of optimism. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2017; 15(12):381–391. DOI: 10.14400/JDC.2017.15.12.381.

6. Park MS. Influence of nursing students' stress and self esteem on subjective happiness. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2018; 19(4):395–402. DOI: 10.5762/KAIS.2018.19.4.395.

7. Kwon YS. The moderating effect of gratitude disposition in the relationship between stress and happiness in nursing students. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2019; 10(2):105–112. DOI: 10.15207/JKCS.2019.10.2.105.

8. Kim EY. A study on happiness of nursing students. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2017; 15(9):385–395. DOI: 10.14400/JDC.2017.15.9.385.

9. Han SJ, Kim HW. The relationship of the subjective happiness, ego-resilience and academic achievement of nursing students: focusing on the giver, taker, matcher. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2018; 9(4):461–467. DOI: 10.15207/JKCS.2018.9.4.461.

10. Kwon YC, Jeong C, Seo Y. Validation of a path model for subjective happiness of nursing students. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2018; 16(1):197–206. DOI: 10.14400/JDC.2018.16.1.197.

11. You YD. The effect of flow experience on the mental health at a testing situation. Korean Journal of Health Psychology. 2004; 9(1):219–242.

12. Kwon SJ, Kim KH, Lee HS. Validation of the Korean version of gratitude questionnaire. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology. 2006; 11(1):177–190.

13. Jo GY, Park HS. Predictors of subjective happiness for nursing students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2011; 12(1):160–169. DOI: 10.5762/kais.2011.12.1.160.

14. Kim HM. The effect of the solution-focused communication training on the problem solving ability and interpersonal relationship of nursing students. Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 2009; 18(4):399–408.

15. Lopez SJ, Synder CR, editors. Positive psychological assessment: a handbook of models and measures. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association;2003. p. 448.

16. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates;1988. p. 567.

17. McCullough ME, Emmons RA, Tsang JA. The grateful disposition: a conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 2002; 82(1):112–127. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.82.1.112.

18. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press;1965. p. 326.

19. Jeon BJ. Self-esteem: a test of it's measurability. Yonsei Nonchong. 1974; 11:107–130.

20. You YD. Das 'flow-erlebnis und seine empirischen implikationen fuer die psychotherapie. Muenchen: Herbert Utz Verlag;2000. p. 279–281.

21. Lyubomirsky S, Lepper HS. A measure of subjective happiness: preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research. 1999; 46(2):137–155. DOI: 10.1023/A:1006824100041.

22. Kim JH. The relationship between life satisfaction/life satisfaction expectancy and stress/well-being: an application of motivation states theory. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology. 2007; 12(2):325–345.

23. Kim PS. Reset! brilliant birth. Seoul: Sallimbiz;2009. p. 322.

24. Jo JH, Kim KM, Kim DW, Kim JH. The effect of keeping an appreciation journal on subjective well-bing, self-esteem, self-efficacy, gratitude disposition, and physical/mental health. Discourse 201. 2008; 11(2):75–101. DOI: 10.17789/discou.2008.11.2.003.

25. Lee YJ, Park SJ. The effects of strength note program on mental health of university students in convergence age. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2015; 13(7):223–228. DOI: 10.14400/JDC.2015.13.7.223.

26. Lee ES. Effects of a happiness choice program based on reality therapy on subjective well-being and interpersonal relations in nursing students. Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing. 2015; 29(3):503–514. DOI: 10.5932/JKPHN.2015.29.3.503.

27. Lee HW, Shin JT. The effect of positive psychological intervention program on mood state, self-esteem, and happiness of university student athletes: exploratory studies. Korean Journal of Sport Science. 2017; 28(4):1020–1033. DOI: 10.24985/kjss.2017.28.4.1020.

28. Choi YJ. Effects of self esteem, social avoidance, and distress in nursing students using meditation therapy. Journal of Korean Academy Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing. 2010; 19(2):133–142. DOI: 10.12934/jkpmhn.2010.19.2.133.

29. Lee YR. An overview of recent studies on meditation and positive emotion. Korean Journal of Religious Education. 2007; 25:231–255.

30. Hwang YJ. The development and effects of a happiness program for mothers based on the PERMAS model. 2019 Fall conference the Korea open association for early childhood education; 2019 November 9; Kyungpook National University. Daegu: Journal of Korea Open Association for Early Childhood Education;2019. p. 233–252.