J Korean Med Sci.
2019 Aug;34(30):e203. 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e203.
Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Diseases in Pediatric Kidney Allograft Recipients with Epstein-Barr Virus Viremia
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Pediatrics, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- 2Department of Pediatrics, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 3Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. kanghg@snu.ac.kr
- 4Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 5Transplantation Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 6Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea.
- 7Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea. yhahn@snub.org
- KMID: 2467447
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e203
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is one of the major complications of organ transplantation, especially in children with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viremia (EV). We performed a retrospective study to evaluate risk factors for PTLD in children with EV.
METHODS
Among 199 pediatric kidney transplantation (KT) recipients at our center from January 2001 to October 2015, records of those with EBV viral loads of > 1,000 copies/mL and/or PTLD were reviewed.
RESULTS
Diagnosis of PTLD was made in seven patients (PTLD group), and 39 patients had EV only (EV only group). The median time from KT to EV and PTLD diagnosis was 6.7 (range 0.4-47.8) months and 8.2 (range, 2.8-98.9) months, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of sex, age at transplantation, donor type, EBV viral load, or EV-free duration after KT. Higher tacrolimus level before EV (hazard ratio, 44.5; P = 0.003) was an independent risk factor for PTLD in multivariate Cox regression analysis. Six patients with a high EBV load (median 171,639 copies/mL) were treated with preemptive rituximab (RTX) therapy, resulting in transient reduction of EBV load. None of these patients developed PTLD (median follow-up 51.5 months); however, two had neutropenia and two developed infection requiring hospital admission.
CONCLUSION
In pediatric KT recipients, higher tacrolimus levels were associated with a higher incidence of PTLD. Conversely, those who received preemptive RTX for EV did not develop PTLD.
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