J Korean Soc Radiol.  2019 Jul;80(4):768-772. 10.3348/jksr.2019.80.4.768.

Clear Cell Hidradenoma and Hidradenocarcinoma Arising from Benign Hidradenoma: Imaging Findings of Ultrasonography and CT

• Ha J
• Chung HW
• Song JS

• KMID: 2457455
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2019.80.4.768

Abstract

Clear cell hidradenoma (HA) is a rare tumor of sweat glands. Although this tumor is benign, local recurrence often occurs when the resection margin is insufficiently obtained. The common imaging finding of HA is a mixed solid and cystic mass with or without increased vascularity in the solid portion. Malignant transformation of the tumor is also recognized. Hidradenocarcinoma (HAC), which is a malignant counterpart of benign HA, can develop de novo or arise from benign HA. However, imaging findings of HAC are not well established because these tumors are rare and they are commonly excised without imaging study. We present two cases of benign HA and HAC arising from benign HA with characteristic ultrasonography and computed tomography imaging features.

MeSH Terms

Acrospiroma*
Recurrence
Soft Tissue Neoplasms
Sweat Gland Neoplasms
Sweat Glands
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Ultrasonography*

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 A 57-year-old female with clear cell hidradenoma in the left ankle (Case 1). A. Transverse ultrasonography image shows a well-defined complex mass with solid and cystic components in the subcutaneous fat layer. Doppler examination shows hypervascularity in the solid component (arrowhead). B. Axial CT image shows a well-defined cystic and solid mass with multiple septa and enhancement of the central solid portion (arrow). C. Photomicrograph of the specimen (hematoxylin and eosin stain, × 100) shows solid (S) and cystic portions (C) of the mass with vascular channels in the solid portion (arrow).

• 

  Fig. 2 A 24-year-old female with hidradenocarcinoma in the medial aspect of the left knee (Case 2). A. Transverse ultrasonography image shows a well-defined cystic mass with a solid mural nodule in the subcutaneous fat layer. The echogenicity of the cystic portion (*) with posterior acoustic enhancement is not that of water reflecting hemorrhagic component. There is a septum-like structure (arrow) in the cystic portion. B. High-power photomicrograph (hematoxylin and eosin stain, × 200) shows multiple vascular channels (arrows) in the solid component and tumor cells in the vessel (arrowhead).

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