Hip Pelvis.  2019 Sep;31(3):150-157. 10.5371/hp.2019.31.3.150.

Is the Oral Chemical Prophylaxis Necessary for the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism after Joint Arthroplasty in a Korean Population?

• Moon KH
• Kang JS
• Youn YH

• KMID: 2455988
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5371/hp.2019.31.3.150

Abstract

PURPOSE
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication that may occur after a major orthopedic surgery. The aim of the present study was to determine the necessity of a chemical thromboprophylactic agent (rivaroxaban [RXB]) by analyzing the prevalence of VTE in Korean arthroplasty patients who received RXB for prophylaxis compared with those who did not receive RXB.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 2,603 patients who underwent knee or hip arthroplasty between 1996 and 2017 were prospectively evaluated. Of these, 1,608 patients underwent surgery before January 2010 and were not administered any type of prophylaxis after surgery; the remaining 995 underwent surgery after 2010 and received oral RXB once daily for 5-13 days from the day after hemovac drain removal to postoperative day 14.
RESULTS
The primary study outcome was the prevalence of VTE, pulmonary embolism or death during follow up. The overall incidence of VTE was 1.69% (n=44); of these, 12 occurred in the RXB group and 32 in the non-prophylactic group. The odds ratio of VTE in the RXB group was 0.61. However, the statistical power of the study was 0.313 due to the low incidence of VTE.
CONCLUSION
Treatment with oral chemical prophylaxis decreased the incidence of VTE after knee or hip arthroplasty in a Korean population. Furthermore, no serious complications occurred after administering oral RXB, which, coupled with its convenience, suggests oral RXB offers an attractive alternative to other agents. However, we recommend that further studies, including a multicenter study, be conducted to achieve adequate statistical power.

Keyword

Venous thromboembolism; Venous thrombosis; Hip replacement arthroplasty; Total knee arthroplasty; Rivaroxaban

MeSH Terms

Arthroplasty*
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee
Follow-Up Studies
Hip
Humans
Incidence
Joints*
Knee
Odds Ratio
Orthopedics
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Pulmonary Embolism
Rivaroxaban
Venous Thromboembolism*
Venous Thrombosis
Rivaroxaban

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