Mood Emot.
2019 Mar;17(1):21-27. 10.0000/me.2019.17.1.21.
Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Depression Using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 : 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Result Analysis
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Psychiatry, Haeundae Paik Hospital, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea. iybihwc@naver.com
- 2Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
- 3Department of Convergence Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
- 4Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
- 5Department of Medical Humanities, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
- KMID: 2447760
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.0000/me.2019.17.1.21
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms by administering the nine-item depression module from the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to participants from the general population of Korea.
METHODS
In total, 8,150 adults participated in the 1st year of the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted in 2016. Of them, 5,556 participants underwent tests pertaining to the criteria for metabolic syndrome and responded to PHQ-9; 2,594 respondents were excluded. Analysis of covariance was performed to analyze the relationship between the presence of metabolic syndrome and the PHQ-9 score after adjusting for the effects of demographic and hematologic characteristics and underlying diseases.
RESULTS
The total PHQ-9 score (mean=2.98) was significantly higher in participants with metabolic syndrome than in those without it (mean=2.59) (p=0.002). Among the individual PHQ-9 items, changes in sleep, thoughts of suicide or self-harm, and depressive mood showed the greatest differences.
CONCLUSION
The PHQ-9 scores in Korea were higher in adults with metabolic syndrome, suggesting an association between metabolic syndrome and depressive symptoms.
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