Kidney Res Clin Pract.
2019 Mar;38(1):90-99. 10.23876/j.krcp.18.0094.
Time-varying effects of body mass index on mortality among hemodialysis patients: Results from a nationwide Korean registry
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea. kyna@snubh.org
- 2Department of Nephrology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
- 3Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
- 4Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
- 5Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- KMID: 2447148
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.18.0094
Abstract
- BACKGROUND
Unlike patterns observed in the general population, obesity is associated with better survival among hemodialysis patients, which could be explained by reverse causation or illness-related weight loss. However, the time-varying effect of body mass index (BMI) on hemodialysis survival has not been investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the time-varying effect of BMI on mortality after starting hemodialysis.
METHODS
In the present study, we examined Korean Society of Nephrology data from 16,069 adult patients who started hemodialysis during or after the year 2000. Complete survival data were obtained from Statistics Korea. Survival analysis was performed using Cox regression and a non-proportional hazard fractional polynomial model.
RESULTS
During the median follow-up of 8.6 years, 9,272 patients (57.7%) died. Compared to individuals with normal BMI (18.5-24.9 kg/m²), the underweight group (< 18.5 kg/m²) had a higer mortality hazard ratio (HR, 1.292; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.203-1.387; P < 0.001) and the overweight group (25.0-29.9 kg/m²) had a lower mortality HR (0.904; 95% CI, 0.829-0.985; P = 0.022). The underweight group had increasing HRs during the first 3 to 7 years after starting hemodialysis, which varied according to age group. The young obese group (< 40 years old) had a U-shaped temporal trend in their mortality HRs, which reflected increased mortality after 7 years.
CONCLUSION
The obese hemodialysis group had better survival during the early post-dialysis period, although the beneficial effect of obesity disappeared 7 years after starting hemodialysis. The young obese group also had an increased mortality HR after 7 years.
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