Nucl Med Mol Imaging.  2017 Jun;51(2):169-177. 10.1007/s13139-016-0455-4.

High Prevalence of Thyroid Disease and Role of Salivary Gland Scintigraphy in Patients with Xerostomia

• Jung JH
• Lee CH
• Son SH
• Jeong JH
• Jeong SY
• Lee SW
• Lee J
• Ahn BC

• KMID: 2446898
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-016-0455-4

Abstract

PURPOSE
Although Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is the most common disease causing xerostomia, autoimmune thyroid diseases can also affect the salivary glands. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid diseases (TD) in subjects with symptoms of xerostomia and evaluate the efficacy of salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) in the detection of TD in patients with SS and without SS.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the SGS findings of 173 subjects (men:women, 29:144) with symptoms of xerostomia. Ejection fractions (EF) in the parotid and submandibular glands were calculated. Thyroid disease was diagnosed on the basis of the results of the visual assessment of tracer uptake in the thyroid gland on SGS images as well as serological thyroid function tests.
RESULTS
Based on the American-European Criteria, 94 patients were diagnosed with SS. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was diagnosed in 63 patients, subacute thyroiditis in 23, subclinical hypothyroidism in five, and Graves' disease in one. There were significant differences in the EF values of the parotid and submandibular glands between patients with TD and those with undetermined diagnoses.
CONCLUSIONS
More than half of patients with xerostomia exhibited TD. Thyroid assessment by SGS is feasible, and SGS appears to be useful for the patients with xerostomia caused by TD. SGS may be the first imaging modality capable of evaluating both salivary gland function and thyroid gland status in patients with xerostomia. This strategy would make the requirement for additional workup for thyroid disease.

Keyword

Salivary glandscintigraphy; Sjögren's syndrome; Thyroid disease; Xerostomia

MeSH Terms

Diagnosis
Graves Disease
Humans
Hypothyroidism
Prevalence*
Radionuclide Imaging*
Retrospective Studies
Salivary Glands*
Submandibular Gland
Thyroid Diseases*
Thyroid Function Tests
Thyroid Gland*
Thyroiditis
Thyroiditis, Subacute
Xerostomia*