Effects of a Program to Promote Multicultural Awareness and Multicultural Efficacy toward North Korean Defectors for Nursing Students

Park, Jin Kyoung

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to develop a program to improve the cultural competence of nursing students related to North Korean defectors and to investigate the effectiveness of the program.
METHODS
There were 36 nursing students in the experimental group and 30 in the control group, who were recruited from a university in I-city, Korea. A Chi-square, t-test, and ANOVA with the SPSS/Win 21.0 program were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
After the intervention, the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in the total score for multicultural awareness toward North Korean defectors over the control group (t=0.85, p=.026). Scores for cognitive area (t=0.89; p=.037), ritual area (t=-0.10, p=.915), and action area (t=1.18, p=.031) increased, but the conscious area score was not statistically significant. The experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in the total score for multi-cultural efficacy for North Korean refugees (t=0.36, p=.030). Scores for cognitive area (t=0.63; p=.029), working area (t=0.05, p=.955), and emotional area (t=0.79 and p=030) increased, but the working area score was not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
It was found that the program to promote multicultural efficacy related to North Korean defectors applied in this study was effective in enhancing multicultural awareness and efficacy of nursing students.