Vasc Spec Int.  2018 Dec;34(4):103-108. 10.5758/vsi.2018.34.4.103.

Clinical Outcomes of a Preoperative Inferior Vena Cava Filter in Acute Venous Thromboembolism Patients Undergoing Abdominal-Pelvic Cancer or Orthopedic Surgery

• Kim H
• Han Y
• Ko GY
• Jeong MJ
• Choi K
• Cho YP
• Kwon TW

• KMID: 2435443
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5758/vsi.2018.34.4.103

Abstract

PURPOSE
Surgery is the most common risk factor for pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with a recent venous thromboembolism (VTE). This study reviewed clinical outcomes of preoperative inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) use in patients with acute VTE during abdominal-pelvic cancer or lower extremity orthopedic surgeries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed 122 patients with a recent VTE who underwent IVCF replacement prior to abdominal-pelvic cancer or lower extremity orthopedic surgery conducted between January 2010 and December 2016. Demographics, clinical characteristics, postoperative IVCF status, risk factors for a captured thrombus, and clinical outcomes were collected for these subjects.
RESULTS
Among the 122 study patients who were diagnosed with acute VTE in the prior 3 months and underwent preoperative IVCF replacement, 70 patients (57.4%) received abdominal-pelvic cancer surgery and 52 (42.6%) underwent lower extremity orthopedic surgery. There were no perioperative complications associated with IVCF in the study population and no cases of symptomatic PE postoperatively. A captured thrombus in the filter was identified postoperatively in 16 patients (13.1%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that postoperative anticoagulation within 48 hours significantly reduced the risk of a captured thrombus (odds ratio [OR], 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08-0.94; P=0.032).
CONCLUSION
A captured thrombus in preoperative IVCF was identified postoperatively in 16 patients (13.1%). Postoperative anticoagulation within 48 hours reduces the risk of captured thrombus in these cases.

Keyword

Venous thromboembolism; Inferior vena cava filter; Pulmonary embolism; Surgery

MeSH Terms

Demography
Humans
Logistic Models
Lower Extremity
Orthopedics*
Pulmonary Embolism
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Thrombosis
Vena Cava Filters*
Vena Cava, Inferior*
Venous Thromboembolism*