J Korean Acad Oral Health.  2018 Dec;42(4):216-223. 10.11149/jkaoh.2018.42.4.216.

Factors affecting objective and subjective masticatory ability assessment of Korean elderly people

• Jung HJ
• Min YG
• Kim HJ
• Lee JY
• Lee ES
• Kim BI
• Ahn HJ

• KMID: 2430545
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2018.42.4.216

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of the study was to investigate factors affecting the assessment of objective and subjective masticatory ability in the elderly, and to evaluate masticatory ability assessment more accurately.
METHODS
A total of 112 participants were recruited after oral examination in senior citizen welfare facilities. The participants' masticatory ability was evaluated objectively (Mixing ability index; MAI), and subjectively (Key food intake ability; KFIA). Participants' general characteristics and oral health-related variables were also recorded. Based on masticatory ability assessment, participants were classified as either high or low. IBM SPSS Statistics Ver.23.0 was used for all analyses, including descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman rank correlation, and Logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
Higher masticatory ability was positively correlated with higher scores on MAI and KFIA. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between MAI and KFIA. When analyzing factors affecting objective and subjective masticatory ability assessments, Functional tooth units (FTUs) were revealed as a related factor. In subjective masticatory ability assessment, oral moisture, difficulty in chewing, and the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) were also influential factors.
CONCLUSIONS
In order to accurately assess masticatory ability, it is necessary to use both objective and subjective measures. Additionally, to improve the masticatory ability in the elderly, treatment should be provided to improve overall oral health and satisfaction.

Keyword

Mastication; Masticatory ability; MAI; KFIA; Oral health; Elderly

MeSH Terms

Aged*
Diagnosis, Oral
Eating
Humans
Logistic Models
Mastication
Oral Health
Tooth

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