Korean J Radiol.  2018 Feb;19(1):167-174. 10.3348/kjr.2018.19.1.167.

Efficacy and Safety of Radiofrequency Ablation for Benign Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective Multicenter Study

• Jung SL
• Baek JH
• Lee JH
• Shong YK
• Sung JY
• Kim KS
• Lee D
• Kim JH
• Baek SM
• Sim JS
• Na DG

• KMID: 2425123
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3348/kjr.2018.19.1.167

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To assess the efficacy and safety of thyroid radiofrequency (RF) ablation for benign thyroid nodules by trained radiologists according to a unified protocol in a multi-center study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From 2010 to 2011, 345 nodules from 345 patients (M:F = 43:302; mean age ± SD = 46.0 ± 12.7 years, range = 15-79) who met eligibility criteria were enrolled from five institutions. At pre-ablation, the mean volume was 14.2 ± 13.2 mL (1.1-80.8 mL). For 12 months or longer after treatment, 276 lesions, consisting of 248 solid and 28 predominantly cystic nodules, were followed. All operators performed RF ablation with a cool-tip RF system and two standard techniques (a transisthmic approach and the moving-shot technique). Volume reduction at 12 months after RF ablation (the primary outcome), therapeutic success, improvement of symptoms as well as of cosmetic problems, and complications were evaluated. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify factors that were independently predictive of volume reduction.
RESULTS
The mean volume reduction at 12 months was 80.3% (n = 276) and at the 24-, 36-, 48-, and 60-month follow-ups 84.3% (n = 198), 89.2% (n = 128), 91.9% (n = 57), and 95.3% (n = 6), respectively. Our therapeutic success was 97.8%. Both mean symptom and cosmetic scores showed significant improvements (p < 0.001). The rate of major complications was 1.0% (3/276). Solidity and applied energy were independent factors that predicted volume reduction.
CONCLUSION
Radiofrequency ablation performed by trained radiologists from multiple institutions using a unified protocol and similar devices was effective and safe for treating benign thyroid nodules.

Keyword

Radiofrequency ablation; Thyroid; Nodule; Tumor; Neoplasm; Ultrasound; Intervention; Prospective study

MeSH Terms

Catheter Ablation*
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Linear Models
Prospective Studies*
Thyroid Gland*
Thyroid Nodule*
Ultrasonography

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Enrollment of study patients.

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