Diabetes Metab J.  2018 Jun;42(3):198-206. 10.4093/dmj.2017.0100.

Predictors of Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese Americans with Normal Fasting Glucose Level

• Hwang YC
• Fujimoto W
• Kahn SE
• Leonetti D
• Boyko EJ

• KMID: 2413982
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2017.0100

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Little is known about the natural course of normal fasting glucose (NFG) in Asians and the risk factors for future diabetes.
METHODS
A total of 370 Japanese Americans (163 men, 207 women) with NFG levels and no history of diabetes, aged 34 to 75 years, were enrolled. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed at baseline, 2.5, 5, and 10 years after enrollment.
RESULTS
During 10 years of follow-up, 16.1% of participants met criteria for diabetes diagnosis, and 39.6% of subjects still had NFG levels at the time of diabetes diagnosis. During 5 years of follow-up, age (odds ratio [OR], 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.10; P=0.026) and family history of diabetes (OR, 3.24; 95% CI, 1.42 to 7.40; P=0.005) were independently associated with future diabetes diagnosis; however, fasting glucose level was not an independent predictor. During 10 years of follow-up, family history of diabetes (OR, 2.76; 95% CI, 1.37 to 5.54; P=0.004), fasting insulin level (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.02; P=0.037), and fasting glucose level (OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 1.13 to 12.01; P=0.030) were associated with diabetes diagnosis independent of conventional risk factors for diabetes.
CONCLUSION
A substantial number of subjects with NFG at baseline still remained in the NFG range at the time of diabetes diagnosis. A family history of diabetes and fasting insulin and glucose levels were associated with diabetes diagnosis during 10 years of follow-up; however, fasting glucose level was not associated with diabetes risk within the relatively short-term follow-up period of 5 years in subjects with NFG.

Keyword

Asian Americans; Blood glucose; Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Epidemiology; Fasting; Glucose tolerance test

MeSH Terms

Asian Americans*
Asian Continental Ancestry Group*
Blood Glucose
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
Diagnosis
Epidemiology
Fasting*
Follow-Up Studies
Glucose Tolerance Test
Glucose*
Humans
Insulin
Male
Risk Factors
Blood Glucose
Glucose
Insulin

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