A Safe Surgical Procedure for Old Distractive Flexion Injuries of the Subaxial Cervical Spine

Kawano, Osamu; Maeda, Takeshi; Mori, Eiji; Yugue, Itaru; Ueta, Takayoshi; Shiba, Keiichiro

Abstract

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. PURPOSE: To describe a safe and effective surgical procedure for old distractive flexion (DF) injuries of the subaxial cervical spine. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Surgical treatment is required in old cases when a progression of the kyphotic deformity and/or persistent neck pain and/or the appearance of new neurological symptoms are observed. Since surgical treatment is more complicated and dangerous in old cases than in acute distractive-flexion cases, the indications for surgery and the selection of the surgical procedure must be carefully conducted.
METHODS
To identify a safe and effective surgical procedure, the procedure selected, reason(s) for its selection, and associated neurological complications were investigated in 13 patients with old cervical DF injuries.
RESULTS
No neurological complications were observed in nine patients (DF stage 2 or 3) who underwent the anterior-posterior-anterior (A-P-A) method and two patients (DF stage 1) who underwent the posterior method. It was initially planned that two patients (DF stage 2) who underwent the P-A method would be treated using the Posterior method alone; however, anterior discectomy was added to the procedure after the development of a severe spinal cord disorder.
CONCLUSIONS
The A-P-A method (anterior discectomy, posterior release and/or partial facetectomy, reduction and instrumentation, anterior bone grafting) is considered to be a suitable surgical procedure for old cervical DF injuries.