Radiat Oncol J.  2017 Sep;35(3):189-197. 10.3857/roj.2017.00318.

Multimodal therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: the roles of radiotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy, and their combination

• Lee SU
• Cho KH

• KMID: 2393548
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3857/roj.2017.00318

Abstract

Locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC) is defined as histologically proven T3-4 prostatic adenocarcinoma. In this review, we define the individual roles of radiotherapy (RT), short-term (ST-) and long-term (LT-) androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), and their combination in multimodal therapy for LAPC. Despite limitations in comparing the clinical outcomes among published papers, in the present study, a trend of 10-year clinical outcomes was roughly estimated by calculating the average rates weighted by the cohort number. With RT alone, the following rates were estimated: 87% biochemical failure, 34% local failure (LF), 48% distant metastasis (DM), 38% overall survival (OS), and 27% disease-specific mortality (DSM). Those associated with ADT alone were 74% BCF, 54% OS, and 25% DSM, which appeared to be better than those of RT alone. The addition of ADT to RT produced a notable local and systemic effect, regardless of ST- or LT-ADT. The LF rate decreased from 34% with RT alone to 21% with ST-ADT and further to 15% with LT-ADT. The DM and DSM rates also showed a similar trend among RT alone, RT+ST-ADT, and RT+LT-ADT. The combination of RT+LT-ADT resulted in the best long-term clinical outcomes, indicating that both RT and ADT are important parts of multimodal therapy.

Keyword

Locally advanced Prostate cancer; Multimodal therapy; Radiotherapy; Androgen deprivation therapy

MeSH Terms

Adenocarcinoma
Cohort Studies
Mortality
Neoplasm Metastasis
Prostate*
Prostatic Neoplasms*
Radiotherapy*