J Adv Prosthodont.  2012 May;4(2):97-102.

An investigation into the effect of denture adhesives on incisal bite force of complete denture wearers using pressure transducers: a clinical study

• Kalra P
• Nadiger R
• Shah FK

Abstract

PURPOSE
Study was conducted to determine and assess the effect of different type of denture adhesives on the incisal bite force of complete denture wearers until the dislodgement of upper denture, using pressure transducer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
30 patients out of 100 were included in the study. Based on the Kapur's method of scoring denture retention and stability, these patients were divided into 3 groups- Group A - Clinically good dentures; Group B - Clinically fair dentures; and Group C - Clinically poor dentures. A custom made occlusal force meter was constructed based on the load cell type of pressure transducers. Different adhesives (powder, paste and adhesive strips) were used in the study. Complete denture wearers were asked to bite on the load cell and the readings of incisal bite force were recorded. The readings of incisal bite force were subjected to statistical analysis using Repeated measures ANOVA followed by post-hoc bonferroni test.
RESULTS
The result suggests that denture adhesives improved the incisal bite force of complete denture wearers significantly The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group A without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 2.48 (+/- 0.16), 3.43 (+/- 0.11), 6.01 (+/- 0.11), 3.22 (+/- 0.09) respectively. The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group B without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 1.87 (+/- 0.18), 3.35 (+/- 0.14), 5.34 (+/- 0.18), 3.21 (+/- 0.12) respectively. The incisal bite force (in kg) in Group C without using adhesives, with powder adhesive, with paste adhesive and with adhesive strips was found to be 1.00 (+/- 0.17), 3.07 (+/- 0.14), 4.37 (+/- 0.26), 2.99 (+/- 0.14) respectively.
CONCLUSION
Within the limitations of the study, it was concluded that the use of denture adhesive was found to be significantly effective in improving the incisal bite force of complete dentures until the dislodgement of upper denture. Fittydent paste adhesive was found to be more effective than the powder and strips adhesives. The improvement in incisal bite force was found to be higher in Group C in comparison to that of Group A and Group B.

Keyword

Pressure transducer; Occlusal force meter; Denture adhesive strips; Paste adhesive; Powder adhesive

MeSH Terms

Adhesives
Bite Force
Bites and Stings
Denture Retention
Denture, Complete
Dentures
Humans
Polyvinyls
Reading
Transducers, Pressure
Adhesives
Polyvinyls

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Button type of load cell.

• 

  Fig. 2 Thickness and width of biting jig were 2 mm and 8 mm respectively.

• 

  Fig. 3 Application of powder type of denture adhesive.

• 

  Fig. 4 Application of adhesive paste on denture surface.

• 

  Fig. 5 Application of adhesive strips on denture surface.

• 

  Fig. 6 Patient biting on the load cell of pressure transducer system.

• 

  Fig. 7 Groupwise distribution of study subjects.

• 

  Fig. 8 Comparative representation of means and standard deviations of incisal bite force of different groups with different adhesives (n = 10 in each group, W Ad: without adhesive, Pw Ad: powder adhesive, Pt Ad: paste adhesive, Ad St: adhesive strips, SD: standard deviation)

Reference

1. McKevitt FH. The measured vertical dimension and denture adhesive powders. J Prosthet Dent. 1951. 1:393–401.

2. Tarbet WJ, Boone M, Schmidt NF. Effect of a denture adhesive on complete denture dislodgement during mastication. J Prosthet Dent. 1980. 44:374–378.

3. Shay K. Denture adhesives. Choosing the right powders and pastes. J Am Dent Assoc. 1991. 122:70–76.

4. Adisman IK. The use of denture adhesives as an aid to denture treatment. J Prosthet Dent. 1989. 62:711–715.

5. Scher EA, Ritchie GM, Flowers DJ. Antimycotic denture adhesive in treatment of denture stomatitis. J Prosthet Dent. 1978. 40:622–627.

6. Psillakis JJ, Wright RF, Grbic JT, Lamster IB. In practice evaluation of a denture adhesive using a gnathometer. J Prosthodont. 2004. 13:244–250.

7. Ozcan M, Kulak Y, de Baat C, Arikan A, Ucankale M. The effect of a new denture adhesive on bite force until denture dislodgement. J Prosthodont. 2005. 14:122–126.

8. Grasso JE, Rendell J, Gay T. Effect of denture adhesive on the retention and stability of maxillary dentures. J Prosthet Dent. 1994. 72:399–405.

9. Kapur KK. A clinical evaluation of denture adhesives. J Prosthet Dent. 1967. 18:550–558.

10. Panagiotouni E, Pissiotis A, Kapari D, Kaloyannides A. Retentive ability of various denture adhesive materials: an in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent. 1995. 73:578–585.

11. Uysal H, Altay OT, Alparslan N, Bilge A. Comparison of four different denture cushion adhesives-a subjective study. J Oral Rehabil. 1998. 25:209–213.

12. Kulak Y, Ozcan M, Arikan A. Subjective assessment by patients of the efficiency of two denture adhesive pastes. J Prosthodont. 2005. 14:248–252.