J Periodontal Implant Sci.  2017 Aug;47(4):211-218. 10.5051/jpis.2017.47.4.211.

Pattern analysis of patients with temporomandibular disorders resulting from unilateral mastication due to chronic periodontitis

• Jeon HM
• Ahn YW
• Jeong SH
• Ok SM
• Choi J
• Lee JY
• Joo JY
• Kwon EY

• KMID: 2388108
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2017.47.4.211

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of the present study was to perform a pattern analysis in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) resulting from unilateral mastication due to chronic periodontitis.
METHODS
Thirty participants with signs or symptoms of TMD who engaged in unilateral mastication due to periodontitis-related discomfort (test group) were selected. Another 30 subjects exhibiting signs or symptoms of TMD resulting from unilateral mastication not due to chronic periodontitis (control group) were also recruited. An interview-based questionnaire was administered, and an examination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with determination of periodontal status was performed.
RESULTS
The duration of unilateral mastication was significantly longer in the control group than in the test group. There was a significant negative correlation between the duration of unilateral mastication and the Community Periodontal Index score. Using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) axis I algorithms, all the subjects were assigned to 3 main groups. The test group exhibited significantly a higher diagnostic distribution of group III (arthralgia, osteoarthritis, or osteoarthrosis), and in both the test and control groups, the number of diagnoses was larger for the non-chewing side. The control group showed a significantly higher diagnostic distribution of group I (myofacial pain), and in both the test and control groups, the number of diagnoses was larger for the chewing side.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of the present study indicate that unilateral mastication due to chronic periodontitis could induce not only pain but also structural TMJ changes if adequate treatment is not administered and supported within a short time from the onset of the condition. Therefore, immediate treatment of chronic periodontitis is recommended to prevent not only the primary progress of periodontal disease, but also secondary TMJ-related problems. Furthermore, subjects who have suffered chronic long-term periodontitis without treatment should be urged to undergo a TMJ examination.

Keyword

Mastication; Periodontitis; Temporomandibular joint disorders

MeSH Terms

Chronic Periodontitis*
Diagnosis
Humans
Mastication*
Osteoarthritis
Periodontal Diseases
Periodontal Index
Periodontitis
Temporomandibular Joint
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders*

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