Int Neurourol J.
2017 Apr;21(Suppl 1):S17-S23. 10.5213/inj.1734858.429.
The In Vivo Effect of Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser on Rat Buccal Mucosa as a Simulation of Its Effect on the Urinary Tract: A Preclinical Histopathological Evaluation
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Urology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. sjo@snu.ac.kr
- 2Department of Urology, Post-Doctoral Research Center, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China.
- 3Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- 4Department of Human Anatomy and Cytoneurobiology, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- 5Laser Engineering and Applications Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering/Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center/Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
- KMID: 2378434
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.5213/inj.1734858.429
Abstract
- PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to perform a histological analysis of the effect of a ytterbium-doped fiber (YDF) laser on oral buccal mucosa tissue in vivo to simulate its effect on the mucosa of the lower urinary tract.
METHODS
A total of 90 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with urethrane (1.2 g/kg intraperitoneally). A pre-specified inner buccal mucosal site was irradiated with a YDF master-oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system for 60 seconds, with output power settings of 0.5, 1, and 2 W, respectively, in 3 treatment groups. Specimens of irradiated tissue were harvested at 2 hours, 24 hours, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after irradiation. The tissue specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological analysis.
RESULTS
In the group treated with 0.5 W, basal cell elongation and vacuolization were observed at 2 hours and 24 hours after treatment, respectively. No evident injury was observed after 2 or 4 weeks. The group treated with 1 W presented partial basal layer separation, and even complete epidermal ablation, within 2 hours. At 24 hours after laser treatment, new capillaries on an edematous background of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, as well as profuse infiltration of the neutrophils to the basal layer, were observed. Collagen deposition and reepithelization were observed in specimens taken 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment. The group treated with 2 W presented bigger and deeper injuries at 2 hours after irradiation. Meanwhile, subepidermal bullae with full-thickness epidermal necrosis and underlying inflammatory infiltrate were observed 24 hours after treatment. The presence of fibrous connective tissue and collagen deposition were observed 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first report regarding the effect of a YDF laser on living tissue. Our study demonstrated that the typical histological findings of the tissue reaction to the YDF MOPA apparatus were very similar to those associated with thermal injuries. The extent and degree of tissue damage increased proportionally to the output power.
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