Korean J Crit Care Med.  2016 Nov;31(4):300-307. 10.4266/kjccm.2016.00276.

Prevalence and Related Factors of Vitamin D Deficiency in Critically Ill Patients

Affiliations
  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
  • 2Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea.
  • 3Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Hospital, Regional Respiratory Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea. letact@daum.net

Abstract

BACKGROUND
To identify the prevalence and related factors for vitamin D deficiency in the patients who admitted to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) of a Korean tertiary care hospital.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the data from ICU patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) for a period of > 48 h to identify the prevalence and associated factors for vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level < 20 ng/mL.
RESULTS
Among 570 patients admitted to the ICU, 221 were enrolled in the study, 194 in the vitamin D deficient group and 27 in the non-deficient group. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients was 87.8%. The patient age was lower in the vitamin D deficient group compared with the non-deficient group (64.4 ± 15.4 vs. 71.0 ± 9.6 years, p = 0.049). A higher acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score (odds ratio [OR] 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-1.37) and chronic illness (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.08-9.01) were associated with vitamin D deficiency after adjusting for age and body mass index. Clinical outcomes of duration of MV, ICU stay, and 28- and 90-day mortality rates were not significantly different between the vitamin D deficient and nondeficient groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin D deficiency was common in critically ill patients, particularly among younger patients. Higher APACHE II score and chronic illness were associated with vitamin D deficiency.

Keyword

25-hydroxyvitamin D; calcitriol; critical care; intensive care units; vitamin D deficiency

MeSH Terms

APACHE
Body Mass Index
Calcitriol
Chronic Disease
Critical Care
Critical Illness*
Humans
Intensive Care Units
Mortality
Prevalence*
Respiration, Artificial
Retrospective Studies
Tertiary Healthcare
Vitamin D Deficiency*
Vitamin D*
Vitamins*
Calcitriol
Vitamin D
Vitamins

Figure

  • Fig. 1. Flow chart of enrolled patients in this study. ICU: intensive care unit; MV: mechanical ventilator; 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D.


Cited by  1 articles

Should We Measure Vitamin D Level?
Jae Hwa Cho
Korean J Crit Care Med. 2016;31(4):369-370.    doi: 10.4266/kjccm.2016.00948.


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