J Dent Hyg Sci.  2017 Feb;17(1):46-55. 10.17135/jdhs.2017.17.1.46.

A Qualitative Study on Reducing Dental Anxiety through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

• Koh BI
• Song YM
• Bae SM

• KMID: 2371024
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.17135/jdhs.2017.17.1.46

Abstract

Many people in Korea suffer from a fear of dental treatments; however, only a few studies have focused on this population. This study assessed the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and its interventions in reducing dental anxiety, especially when administered by trained dental staff. Using case studies, the authors analyzed the content of each session and examined the process of reducing dental anxiety. First, the authors observed that the results of both dental fear scale and subjective unit of disturbance decreased significantly with changes in cognitive distortions related to dental anxiety and that rapid improvements were noted after two therapy sessions. Second, the study reported that practicing relaxation (deep-breathing) and muscle relaxation techniques; using hand signals to indicate anxiety or discomfort; establishing an empathic relationship with the therapist; making an anxiety list; and graded insensitive and exposure along with rehearsal, were effective in coping with dental anxiety and in changing negative thoughts towards the dentist. Third, a simple cognitive behavioral intervention can be effective in reducing dental anxiety. In summary, a short-term, five-session psychological intervention with CBT produced a sustained decrease in the symptoms of dental anxiety, allowing the patients to receive the required procedures. The authors discussed the study limitations and the implication of their results on future research.

Keyword

Cognitive therapy; Dental anxiety; Intervention; Qualitative research

MeSH Terms

Anxiety
Cognitive Therapy*
Dental Anxiety*
Dental Staff
Dentists
Hand
Humans
Korea
Muscle Relaxation
Qualitative Research
Relaxation