Korean J Psychosom Med.  2016 Dec;24(2):165-173. 10.0000/kjpm.2016.24.2.165.

Differences of Obstetric Complications and Clinical Characteristics between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability

• Lee SB
• Kim JY
• Chung HJ
• Kim SW
• Im WY
• Song JE

• KMID: 2369151
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.0000/kjpm.2016.24.2.165

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Since the awareness of autism spectrum disorders(ASD) is growing, as a result, it is increasing numbers of infants and toddlers being referred to specialized clinics for a differential diagnosis and the importance of early autism spectrum disorders detection is emphasized. This study is to know the difference between ASD and intellectual disability(ID) from comparison of the demographics, clinical characters and obstetric complications.
METHODS
The participants are 816 toddlers who visited the developmental delay clinic(DDC) in National Health Insurance Ilsan hospital. The number of toddlers diagnosed as ASD and ID was 324 and 492. 75 toddlers out of 114 who returned to DDC were diagnosed as ID at the first visit but 7 of them had changed diagnosis to ASD at the second visit. After compared ASD with ID from the first visit, we analyzed characters of toddlers who had the changed diagnosis to ASD at the second visit.
RESULTS
As a result, the comparison between ASD and ID at the first visit shows that the boys have higher ratio, lower obstetric complication and lower language assessment score in ASD. The toddlers who had the changed diagnosis at the second visit were all boys and they had more cases of family history of developmental delay and had lower score of receptive language developmental quotient.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that sex, language characteristics and obstetric complication could be useful in the early detection of ASD.

Keyword

Autism spectrum disorders; Intellectual disability; Obstetric complications

MeSH Terms

Autism Spectrum Disorder*
Autistic Disorder*
Demography
Diagnosis
Diagnosis, Differential
Humans
Infant
Intellectual Disability*
Language Development
National Health Programs