J Korean Med Sci.  2016 Feb;31(2):240-246. 10.3346/jkms.2016.31.2.240.

The Effect of Sleep Quality on the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care Patients

• Lee JA
• Sunwoo S
• Kim YS
• Yu BY
• Park HK
• Jeon TH
• Yoo BW

• KMID: 2360048
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2016.31.2.240

Abstract

Sleep has important effects on physical and mental health, and sleep disorders are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between sleep duration or sleep quality and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The FACTS (FAmily CohorT Study in primary care) was established to investigate the relations between familial environment and health which was conducted at 22 family medicine outpatient clinics in general hospitals. Total 563 patients without diabetes who received > or =1 year follow-up examination were included in the analysis. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to determine sleep quality, and a score of > or =5 was considered to define poor sleep quality. Patients taking oral hypoglycemic agents, having a fasting glucose level of >126 mg/dL, or diagnosed with diabetes by physicians were classified as having diabetes. The median follow-up period was 2.5 years. Poor sleep quality was associated with a higher risk of diabetes after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, income, physical activity, and family history of diabetes (relative risk=2.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-6.78). As a risk factor for the development of diabetes, poor sleep quality may independently increase the incidence of diabetes.

Keyword

Sleep Quality; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Primary Health Care

MeSH Terms

Aged
Blood Glucose/analysis
Body Mass Index
Cohort Studies
Demography
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/*diagnosis/drug therapy
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity/complications
Primary Health Care
Risk Factors
*Sleep
Surveys and Questionnaires
Blood Glucose
Hypoglycemic Agents

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Kaplan-Meier curve for diabetes-free survival according to sleep quality (A) and sleep duration (B). PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; NS, not significant.

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