Korean J Anesthesiol.  1973 Dec;6(2):223-232.

Study of Hypetension During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Section

• Shin WT
• Lee CH

Abstract

From September 1972 to August 1973, Ewha Womans University Hospital has performed 220 cases of Cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Statistical analysis was done and the results can be summarized as follows. 1.Of the indications for primary Cesarean section, C.P.D., malpresentation and fetal distress comprised 89.4%. 2.The average values in distribution of hemoglobin and hematocrit were almost within normal limits. 3. The ages of pregnant women ranged from 20 to 44 years. The 21~30 age group of pregnant women who had Cesarean section was nearly double the 31~40 group. 4. 91.4% of all cases received scopolamine 0.3 mg by I.M. injection as premedication for anesthesia. In some cases, atropine sulfate 0.4 mg and pethidine hydrochloride 50mg were given. 5. Spinal puncture levels were from L2-L5 and 95.9% were conducted at L3-4 or L4-5. 6.The average number of punctures was 1.6. 7. The sensory levels of spinal anesthesia extended to from T1 to T8 and 95.5% were from T4 to T7. 8.The average time to initial drop of blood pressure was two and half minutes and its degree was 25 mm Hg on the average. 9.The average time to maximal drop of blood pressure was,16 minutes and it averaged 40 mm Hg of fall. 10. 40~80 mg of ephedrine was the most used vasopressor but in some cases, combined ephedrine hydrochloride 40mg and effortil 10mg were injected I.V. 11. Fluid amount given in the first five minutes was 180 ml on the average.12. In Cesarean section increase of blood pressure between before and after the delivery was 20 mmHg on the average. This may be considered due to use of uterine constrictor and vasopressor drugs. 13. The Apgar score average value was 8.5 and the percentage of scores above 8. 0 was 88.1% of the total cases. 14. The average value of induction delivery time was 20 minutes. 15. Diazepam 10 mg and pethidine hydrochloride 50 mg were given to 69.5% of total cases after the delivery. 16. A tendency towards a proportional relation between decreased blood pressure and anesthetic level was observed. However no specific relation was observed between decreased blood pressure and Apgar scores.

MeSH Terms

Anesthesia
Anesthesia, Spinal*
Apgar Score
Atropine
Blood Pressure
Cesarean Section*
Diazepam
Ephedrine
Etilefrine
Female
Fetal Distress
Hematocrit
Humans
Meperidine
Pregnancy
Pregnant Women
Premedication
Punctures
Scopolamine Hydrobromide
Spinal Puncture
Atropine
Diazepam
Ephedrine
Etilefrine
Meperidine
Scopolamine Hydrobromide