Binocularity in Refractive Accommodative Esotropia

Choi, Mi Young; Chang, Bong Leen

Abstract

Despite several reports about binocularity in refractive accommodative esotropia, analysis of the relationship between fusional ability and stereoacuity has not been identified. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the relationship between two functions and to analyze factors that have an effect on the binocular function by measuring fusional ability and stereoacuity in refractive accommodative esotropia. Seventy seven patients within 10 prism diopters of orthophoria with hyperopic glasses were included. Fusional ability was measured with polarized 4-dot test at near and far and stereoacuity was measured with Titmus test at near. We classified patients into 3 groups based on the fusional ability: group with fusion at near and far, group with fusion near only, and group with no fusion. The median values of stereoacuity in each group were 70, 200, and 400 seconds of arc, respectively. Stereoacuity was correlated positively with the degree of fusional ability but the relationship was not statistically significant. Patients with fusion at far exhibited better visual acuity at first examination and less anisometropia. In conclusion, stereoacuity was found to be related to fusional ability although two functions may be developed through different mechanisms. In addition, improvement of corrected visual acuity with optimal glasses is critical to restore binocular function in refractive accommodative esotropia.