J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs.  2013 Dec;22(4):253-264.

Predictors of the Low Level Gambling Behavior in University Students

• Jung SY
• Park HS

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of the study was to investigate the personal, familial, and environmental variables that affect low level gambling behavior in university students.
METHODS
The participants were 389 students in 4 universities. Data were obtained from these participants through self-report questionnaires, administered between August 19 and September 13, 2013 and data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 programs.
RESULTS
The significant predictors of low level gambling behavior in university students were self-control, family strengths, social motives, amusement motives, number of gambling peers, onset of gambling, irrational gambling beliefs, gambling experience of father, mother and peers, and risk taking. These personal, familial and environmental variables explained 65.5% of the variance in low level gambling behavior.
CONCLUSION
The outcomes of this study indicate that, for university students to decrease gambling behavior, intervention programs that manage gambling experience of family and peers should be developed with an emphasis on decreasing irrational gambling beliefs, social motives, amusement motives, and risk taking behavior and increasing self-control and family strengths.

Keyword

Gambling; Behavior; University students

MeSH Terms

Fathers
Gambling*
Humans
Mothers
Surveys and Questionnaires
Risk-Taking

Reference

1. Barnes GM, Welte JW, Hoffman JH, Tidwell MC. Comparisons of gambling and alcohol use among college students and noncollege young people in the United States. J Am Coll Health. 2010; 58:443–452.

2. Blinn-Pike L, Worthy SL, Jonkman JN. Adolescent gambling: A review of an emerging field of research. J Adolesc Health. 2010; 47:223–236.

3. Burge AN, Pietrzak RH, Petry NM. Pre/early adolescent onset of gambling and psychosocial problems in treatment-seeking pathological gamblers. J Gambl Stud. 2006; 22:263–274.

4. Cox M, Klinger E, editors. Incentive motivation, affective change, and alcohol abuse: A model. New York: Gardner Press;1990.

5. Engwall D, Hunter R, Steinberg M. Gambling and other risk behaviors on university campuses. J Am Coll Health. 2004; 52:245–255.

6. Eo EJ, Yoo YJ. A study on the development of the scale for measuring family strengths. J Korean Home Manage Assoc. 1995; 13(1):145–156.

7. Ferris J, Wynne H. The Canadian problem gambling index: Final report. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse;2001.

8. Gottfredson M, Hirschi T. Commentary: Testing the general theory of crime. J Res Crime Delinq. 1990; 30:47–54.

9. Goudriaan AE, Slutske WS, Krull JL, Sher KJ. Longitudinal patterns of gambling activities and associated risk factors in college students. Addiction. 2009; 104:1219–1232.

10. Griffiths M, Wardle H, Orford J, Sproston K, Erens B. Sociodemographic correlates of internet gambling finding from the 2007 British gambling prevalence survey. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2009; 12:199–202.

11. Hyder AA, Juul NH. Games, gambling, and children: Applying the precautionary principle for child health. J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Nurs. 2008; 21:202–204.

12. Hyun MY, Kim MD. A study of internet addiction and awareness of gambling among university students. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2009; 18:95–103.

13. Jung SY. The structural model of college students' gambling behavior. Daegu: Catholic University of Daegu;2011. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.

14. Kim HJ. Study of the factors influencing adolescent gambling behavior. Daejeon: Chungnam National University;2009. Unpublished master's thesis.

15. Kim JE. A study of the factors influencing college student's gambling problems. Busan: Kosin University;2012. Unpublished master's thesis.

16. Kim KH. Self-regulation model of gambling behavior: The extension of common-sense model. Korean J Health Psychol. 2006; 11:243–274.

17. Kim KH, Kwon SJ, Kim SJ, Lee SM. Conceptualization of low level gambling behaviors and development of a scale. Korean J Psychol Gen. 2011; 30:599–629.

18. Kwon BS, Kim YH. A study of gambling addiction and its actual conditions among university students in Korea. Ment Health Soc Work. 2011; 39:5–28.

19. Kwon SJ, Kim KH, Choi JO. Awareness of adult gambling and predictors of gambling behavior in children. Korean J Health Psychol. 2006; 11:147–162.

20. Lee H. Gambling risk factors and strategies of gambling industry. Seoul: The National Gambling Control Commission;2010.

21. Lee HP. The effect of irrational gambling belief to the pathological gambling. Korean J Clin Psychol. 2003; 22:415–434.

22. Lee KH. Preliminary study for validation of Korean Canadian problem gambling index. Korean J Health Psychol. 2009; 14:667–675.

23. Lee SM, Kim JN. Evaluation/diagnosis and related rates reflection the nature of gambling problems. Korean J Health Psychol. 2009; 14:1–26.

24. Molde H, Pallesen S, Bartone P, Hystad S, Johnsen BH. Prevalence and correlates of gambling among 16 to 19-year-old adolescents in Norway. Scand J Psychol. 2009; 50:55–64.

25. Nam HM, Ok SH. The effects of psychological family environment, self-control, and friends characteristics of middle school students on their problem behaviors. J Korean Home Econ Assoc. 2001; 39:37–58.

26. Nation M, Crusto C, Wandersman A, Kumpfer KL, Seybolt D, Morrissey-Kane E, et al. What works in prevention: Principles of effective prevention program. Am Psychol. 2003; 58:449–456.

27. Park HS. The study on predictors of addictive personality in adolescents. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2012; 21:263–271.

28. Park HS, Jung SY. Predictors of gambling behavior among high school students. J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2011; 20:219–232.

29. Weinstock J, Whelan JP, Meyers A. College student's gambling behavior: When does it becoming harmful? J Am Coll Health. 2008; 56:513–521.