Korean J Women Health Nurs.  2016 Mar;22(1):61-70. 10.4069/kjwhn.2016.22.1.61.

Effect of Emotional Labor and Stress on Premenstrual Syndrome among Hospital Nurses

• Lee SH
• Song JA
• Hur MH

• KMID: 2307912
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2016.22.1.61

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study is an explorative survey to examine emotional labor, stress, and premenstrual syndrome among hospital nurses and to examine relationships among them.
METHODS
Data were collected from 228 nurses working at hospitals using structured questionnaires from September to October, 2014. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 by frequency, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient.
RESULTS
Score of emotional labor was different by work time per week (F=4.03, p=.019), and menstrual amount (F=5.18, p=.006). Level of stress was different by marital status (t=2.29, p=.023), pattern of work (t=-3.63, p<.001), work time per week (F=3.39, p=.035), regularity of menstrual cycle (t=-4.20, p<.001), and exercise frequency (F=4.28, p=.015). Scores of premenstrual syndrome were different by regularity of menstrual cycle (t=-3.18, p=.002), and menstrual amount (F=5.88, p=.003). Emotional labor was related with perceived stress (r=.40, p<.001) and premenstrual syndrome (r=.23, p<.001). Also, perceived stress was related with premenstrual syndrome (r=.33, p<.001).
CONCLUSION
Nurses' emotional labor, stress, and premenstrual syndrome were higher than the average. Emotional labor was correlated with stress and premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual syndrome with stress. This study shows that it is necessary to understand these relationships and to search for nursing intervention to ease emotional labor, stress, and premenstrual syndrome.

Keyword

Emotion; Stress; Labor; Premenstrual syndrome

MeSH Terms

Female
Marital Status
Menstrual Cycle
Nursing
Premenstrual Syndrome*

Reference

1. Morris JA, Feldman DC. The dimensions, antecedents, and consequences of emotional labor. Acad Manag Rev. 1996; 21(4):986–1010.

2. Shin MK, Kang HL. Effects of emotional labor and occupational stress on somatization in nurses. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2011; 17(2):158–167.

3. Yoo SK, Choi CK, Song HS, Lee CG. Relationship between occupational stress-emotional labor and musculoskeletal symptoms and experience of absence or early leave in some civil affairs officials. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2011; 23(2):192–202.

4. Bolton S. Changing faces: Nurses as emotional jugglers. Sociol Health Illn. 2001; 23(1):85–100.

5. Brotheridge CM, Grandey AA. Emotional labor and burnout: Comparing two perspectives of "people work". J Vocat Behav. 2002; 60(1):17–39.

6. Park M, Choi J, Lee EY, Park M. Effects of college life characteristics on depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms among freshmen. J Korea Contents Assoc. 2014; 14(1):346–355.

7. Schneiderman N, Ironson G, Siegel SD. Stress and health: Psychological, behavioral, and biological determinants. Annual Rev Clin Psychol. 2005; 1:607–628.

8. Indusekhar R, Usman SB, O'Brien S. Psychological aspects of premenstrual syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2007; 21(2):207–220.

9. Kim J, Ryu SY. The prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its related factors among high school girls. J Korean Soc Matern Child Health. 2006; 10(1):11–20.

10. Park HE, Jee BC, Ku SY, Suh CS, Kim SH, Choi YM, et al. A survey on premenstrual syndrome. Korean J Obstet Gynecol. 2005; 48(2):401–410.

11. Schmidt PJ, Nieman LK, Danaceau MA, Adams LF, Rubinow DR. Differential behavioral effects of gonadal steroids in women with and in those without premenstrual syndrome. New Engl J Med. 1998; 338:209–216.

12. Brown MA, Lewis LL. Cycle-phase changes in perceived stress in women with varying levels of premenstrual symptomatology. Res Nurs Health. 1993; 16(6):423–429.

13. Wyatt KM, Dimmock PW, Jones PW, O'Brien PMS. Efficacy of vitamin B-6 in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: Systematic review. Br Med J. 1999; 318(7195):1375–1381.

14. Cho JH, Kim DI, Park KB, Kang HC. The correlation analysis of factors related to PMS through survey. J Orient Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 19(4):174–204.

15. Kim JS. Factors affecting dysmenorrhea in undergraduate students. J Korean Acad Soc Nurs Educ. 2014; 20(2):350–357.

16. Golding JM, Taylor DL, Menard L, King MJ. Prevalence of sexual abuse history in a sample of women seeking treatment for premenstrual syndrome. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2000; 21(2):69–80.

17. Kim MJ. Effects of hotel employee's emotional labor upon the job-related attitudes. J Tourism Sci. 1998; 21(2):129–141.

18. Chang SJ, Cha BS, Park JK, Lee EK. Standardization of stress measurement scale. J Wonju Coll Med. 1994; 7(1):21–38.

19. Lee MH, Kim JW, Lee JH, Kim DM. The standardization of the shortened premenstrual assessment form and applicability on the internet. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 2002; 41(1):159–167.

20. Yang YK. A study on burnout, emotional labor, and self-efficacy in nurses. J Korean Acad Nurs Adm. 2011; 17(4):423–431.

21. Kim YE. The effects of emotional labor on burnout and career commitment of childcare teachers. J Korean Child Care Educ. 2012; 8(6):57–76.

22. Lee W, Kim DK. A study on emotional labor affecting a burnout level of personal assistants - Focused on the mediating effects of job stress and job satisfaction. Soc Sci Res Rev. 2011; 27(2):115–140.

23. Weigl M, Stab N, Herms I, Angerer P, Hacker W, Glaser J. The Association of supervisor support and work overload with burnout and depression: A cross-sectional study in two nursing settings. J Adv Nurs. Forthcoming. 2016; March. 4. Epub ahead of print.

24. Yoon HS, Cho YC. Relationship between job stress contents, psychosocial factors and mental health status among university hospital nurses in Korea. J Prev Med Public Health. 2007; 40(5):351–362.

25. Chang SJ, Koh SB, Kang MG, Cha BS, Park JK, Hyun SJ, et al. Epidemiology of psychosocial distress in Korean employees. J Prev Med Public Health. 2005; 38(1):25–37.

26. Ahn AK. Job stress and premenstrual syndrome of staff nurse in a general hospital [master's thesis]. Wonju: Yonsei University;2011.

27. Kim MJ, Kim SM, Kim JM, Park JL, Park HR, Yoon JH, et al. Study on severity and types of premenstrual syndrome according to age groups of fertile woman. J Nurs Acad Assoc Ewha Womans Univ. 2010; 44:59–71.

28. Kim YR, Nam M, Meng KH. A comparative study on premenstrual syndrome between women workers and housewives. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 1997; 9(3):487–495.

29. Jeon JH. The influence of emotional labor on burnout and job satisfaction among clinical nurses [master's thesis]. Daegu: Kyungpook National University;2010.

30. Lim NG. The effects of daily hassles on workers' psychosocial wellbeing [dissertation]. Seoul: Yonsei University;2004.