Korean J Adult Nurs.  2013 Dec;25(6):679-689.

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence, Single Voided Volume, Post Void Residual Volume, Daytime Frequency, and Nocturia in Women over 40 Years

• Kim OB
• Yoon H

Abstract

PURPOSE
This prospective study was designed to investigate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI), voided volume, post void residual volume (PVRV), daytime frequency and nocturia in women over 40 years.
METHODS
The sample comprised of 302 women over 40 years.The study lasted from February 2008 to November 2009. Data about daytime frequency and nocturia were gathered from 48 hour bladder diary. Further, a PVRV was assessed through a bladder ultrasonography. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Mann Whitney test, Kruskal Wallis test and multiple regression.
RESULTS
Although the prevalence of UI among the women was as high as 70.5%, the perception rate of UI was as low as 10.8%.Single voided volume of women without or with UI was 223 mL or 198 mL (p<.001), respectively; PVRV, 25.8 mL or 23.6 mL (p=.055); daytime frequency, 5.89 or 6.96 (p<.001); nocturia, 0.99 or 1.23 (p=.040). Age (beta=0.19, p=.001), single voided volume (beta=-0.16, p=.006), and nocturia (beta=0.12, p=.034) were associated with UI.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of UI was found to be 70.5% among the participants. The assessment of single urinary volume and nocturia through a bladder diary lends support to identifying UI for women over 40 years.

MeSH Terms

Female
Humans
Nocturia*
Prevalence*
Prospective Studies
Residual Volume*
Ultrasonography
Urinary Bladder
Urinary Incontinence*
Urination Disorders

Reference

Abrams P.., Cardozo L.., Fall M.., Griffiths D.., Rosier P.., Ulm-sten U., et al. 2002. The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function. Report from the standardization sub-committee of the ICS. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 21(2):167–178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nau.10052.

Al-Shaikh G.., Larochelle A.., Campbell C. E.., Schachter J.., Baker K.., Pascali D.2009. Accuracy of bladder scanning in the assessment of postvoid residual volume. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 31(6):526–532.

Basak T.., Uzun S.., Arslan F.2012. Incontinence features, risk factors, and quality of life in Turkish women presenting at the hospital for urinary incontinence. Journal of Wound, Ostomy, and Continence Nursing. 39(1):84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/WON.0b013e31823efd47.

Cheung R. Y.., Chan S.., Yiu A. K.., Lee L. L.., Chung T. K.2012. Quality of life in women with urinary incontinence is impaired and comparable to women with chronic diseases. Hong Kong Medical Journal. 18(3):214–220.

Choi K.., Park E.., Lee I. S.2012. Homebound status and related factors according to age in female elders in the community. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 42(2):291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.

Committee on Technical Bulletins of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 1996. Urinary incontinence. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 52(1):75–86.

Devore E. E.., Minassian V. A.., Grodstein F.2013. Factors associated with persistent urinary incontinence. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 209(2):145e1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2013.05.002.

Gehrich A.., Stany M. P.., Fischer J. R.., Buller J.., Zahn C. M.2007. Establishing a mean postvoid residual volume in asymtomatic perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Obstetrics & Gynecology. 110(4):827–832.

Huang A. J.., Brown J. S.., Boyko E. J.., Moore E. E.., Scholes D.., Walter L. C., et al. 2011. Clinical significance of postvoid residual volume in older ambulatory women. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 59(8):1452–1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03511.x.

Jura Y. H.., Townsend M. K.., Curhan G. C.., Resnick N. M.., Grodstein F.2011. Caffeine intake, and the risk of stress, urgency and mixed urinary incontinence. The Journal of Urology. 185(5):1775–1780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.01.003.

Kim M. S.., Lee S. H.2008. Prevalence rate and associated factors of urinary incontinence among nursing home residents. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing. 38(1):92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.

Kim U. H.., Kim Y. H.., Kim M. E.2004. The prevalence and quality of life of overactive bladder and urinary incontinence in young women. Korean Journal of Urology. 45(6):543–550.

Korean Statistical Information Service. 2010. Population/Household. Retrieved March 1, 2013, from. http://stat.mw.go.kr/front/statDB/statDBView.jsp?menuId=11&nPage=2&sttsDataSeq=119&subjCd=B00001&mmrlDate=&schSttsNm=.

Larsson G.., Victor A.1988. Micturition patterns in a healthy female population, studied with a frequency/volume chart. Scandinabica Journal of Urology & Nephrology. 114(suppl):53–57.

Lee J. G.2005. Diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence in women. Journal of the Korean Medical Association. 48(4):354–374. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2005.48.4.354.

Lee Y. S.1994. A Study on stress incontinence in women in Korea. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing. 4(1):12–23.

Madersbacher S.., Pycha A.., Klingler C. H.., Mian C.., Djavan B.., Stulnig T., et al. 1999. Interrelationships of bladder compliance with age, detrusor instability, and obstruction in elderly men with lower urinary tract symptoms. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 18(1):3–15.

Madersbacher S.., Pycha A.., Schatzl G.., Mian C.., Klingler C. H.., Marberger M.1998. The aging lower urinary tract: A comparative urodynamic study of men and women. Urology. 51(2):206–212.

Milleman M.., Langenstroer P.., Gurainick M. L.2004. Postvoid residual urine volume in women with overactive bladder symptoms. International Urology of Journal. 172(5 Pt 1):1911–1914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000140502.34334.75.

Oh S. J.., Park W. H.., Park C. H.., Paick J. S.., Seo J. T.., Lee Y. S., et al. 2003. Prevalence of urinary incontinence and incontinence-related quality of life in Korean women: A population-based study. Journal of Korean Continence Society. 7(2):73–80.

Santos C. R.., Santos V. L.2011. Prevalence of self-reported double incontinence in the urban population of a Brazilian city. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 30(8):1473–1479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nau.21116.

Senturk S.., Kara M.2012. Risk factors and prevalence of urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women living in Turkey. Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology. 39(1):69–71.

Sung W.., You H.., Yoon T. Y.., Lee S. J.2012. Socioeconomic costs of overactive bladder and stress urinary incontinence in Korea. International Neurourology Journal. 16(1):23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5213/inj.2012.16.1.23.

Timur-Taşhan S.., Beji N. K.., Aslan E.., Yalçin Ö.2012. Determining lower urinary tract symptoms and associated risk factors in young women. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 118(1):27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2012.01.021.

Tseng L. H.., Liang C. C.., Chang Y. L.., Lee S. J.., Lloyd L. K.2008. Postvoid residual urine in women with stress incontinence. Obstetrics and Gynecology of Journal. 27(1):48–51.

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1992, March. Clinical practice guidelines: Urinary incontinence in adults. Washington DC: Agency for Health Care Policy and Research.

Van Haarst E. P.., Heldeweg E. A.., Newling D. W.., Schlat-mann T. J.2004. The 24-h frequency-volume chart in adults reporting no voiding complaints. Urology of Journal. 93(9):1257–1261.

Viktrup L.2005. Addressing the need for a simpler algorithm for the management of women with urinary incontinence. Medscape General Medicine. 7(3):62.

Weiss J. P.., Blaivas J. G.., Stember D. S.., Brooks M. M.1998. Nocturia in adults: Etiology and classification. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 17(5):467–472.

Yoon H. S.., Song H. H.., Ro Y. J.2003. A comparison of effectiveness of bladder training and pelvic muscle exercise on female urinary incontinence. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 40(1):45–50.