Korean J Urol.  2006 Sep;47(9):982-986. 10.4111/kju.2006.47.9.982.

Voiding Dysfunction of Women Associated with Metabolic Syndrome

• Kim JH
• Shim BS
• Hong YS

• KMID: 2294096
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2006.47.9.982

Abstract

Purpose
The occurrence of coronary artery disease is rising with the recent changes in diet and the westernization of lifestyle. In 1998, the World Health Organization (WHO) defined "metabolic syndrome" as a condition in which all the risk factors of coronary artery disease exist in an elderly individual. We investigated the relationship between metabolic syndrome and voiding difficulty of women.
Materials and Methods
In 2004, we investigated 66 female out-patients who visited the endocrinology department and health care center between the months of March and October. We divided the patients into two groups: one which corresponded to the metabolic syndrome criteria (n=42, 56.0+/-5.6 years old) and one which did not (n=24, 55.7+/-05.2 years old), and we compared the voiding factors of these two groups.
Results
When comparing the components of metabolic syndrome in the patient study group to that in the control study group, the metabolic syndrome patients scored poorly for all the metabolic syndrome components in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). On comparing the voiding factors of metabolic syndrome patients to that of the control group, the metabolic syndrome patient group scored substantially lower than the control group for all voiding factors (p<0.05).
Conclusions
We proved that metabolic syndrome and voiding difficulty of women were related based on the results of this study. Therefore, performing more active investigation for metabolic syndrome in the patients who are admitted with voiding difficulty, earlier diagnosis of metabolic syndrome would be possible.

Keyword

Metabolic syndrome X; Urination disorders

MeSH Terms

Aged
Coronary Artery Disease
Delivery of Health Care
Diagnosis
Diet
Endocrinology
Female
Humans
Life Style
Metabolic Syndrome X
Outpatients
Risk Factors
Urination Disorders
World Health Organization

Reference

1. Reaven GM. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes. 1988. 37:1595–1607.

2. DeFronzo RA, Ferrannini E. Insulin resistance. A multifaceted syndrome responsible for NIDDM, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care. 1991. 14:173–194.

3. Rett K, Wicklmayr M, Mehnert H. New aspects of insulin resistance in hypertension. Eur Heart J. 1994. 15:Suppl C. 78–81.

4. Wilson PW, D'Agostino RB, Levy D, Belanger AM, Silvershatz H, Kannel WB. Prediction of coronary heart disease using risk factor categories. Circulation. 1998. 97:1837–1847.

5. Fuster V, Pearson TA. 27th Bethesda Conference. Matching the intensity of risk factor management with the hazard for coronary disease events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996. 27:957–1047.

6. Choi SH, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Chung YS, Lee KW, Lee HC, et al. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: comparison of WHO and NCEP criteria. Yonsei Med J. 2005. 46:198–205.

7. Olujide LO, O'Sullivan SM. Female voiding dysfunction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2005. 19:807–828.

8. Stanton S, Ozsoy C, Hilton P. Voiding difficulties in the female: prevalence, clinical and urodynamic review. Obstet Gynecol. 1983. 61:144–147.

9. Groutz A, Gordon D, Lessing JB, Wolman I, Jaffa A, David MP. Prevalence and characteristics of voiding difficulties in women: are subjective symptoms substantiated by objective urodynamics data? Urology. 1999. 54:268–272.

10. Farrar DJ, Osborne JL, Stephenson TP, Whiteside CG, Weir J, Berry J, et al. A urodynamic view of bladder outflow obstruction in the female: factors influencing the results and treatment. Br J Urol. 1976. 47:815–822.

11. Hammarsten J, Hogstedt B. Hyperinsulinaemia as a risk factor for developing benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol. 2001. 39:151–158.

12. Lee WC, Wu HP, Tai TY, Liu SP, Chen J, Yu HJ. Effects of diabetes on female voiding behavior. J Urol. 2004. 172:989–992.

13. Expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. Excutive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). JAMA. 2001. 285:2486–2497.

14. Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med. 1998. 15:539–553.

15. The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. Western pacific regional office of the world health organization, the international obesity task force. 2000. Sydney: health communications Australia;http://www.obesityasiapacific.com.

16. Nugent AP. The metabolic syndrome. BNF Nutr Bull. 2004. 29:36–43.

17. Lym YL, Hwang SW, Shim HJ, Oh EH, Chang YS, Cho BL. Prevalence and risk factors of the metabolic syndrome as defined by NCEP-ATP III. J Korean Acad Fam Med. 2003. 24:135–143.

18. Landsberg L. Diet, obesity and hypertension: an hypothesis involving insulin, the sympathetic nervous system, and adaptive thermogenesis. Q J Med. 1986. 61:1081–1090.

19. Berne C, Pollare T, Fagius J. The sympathetic outflow in vasoconstrictor nerve fascicles to muscle is increased during euglycacemic hyperinsulinemia. Diabetologia. 1989. 32:Suppl. 465A.

20. Michel MC, Mehlburger L, Schumacher H, Bressel HU, Goepel M. Effect of diabetes on lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 2000. 163:1725–1729.

21. Hoepelman AI, Meiland R, Geerlings SE. Pathogenesis and management of bacterial urinary tract infections in adult patients with diabetes mellitus. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2003. 22:Suppl 2. 35–43.

22. Elia G, Dye TD, Scariati PD. Body mass index and urinary symptoms in women. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2001. 12:366–369.

23. Dahle SE, Chokkalingam AP, Gao YT, Deng J, Stanczyk FZ, Hsing AW. Body size and serum levels of insulin and leptin in relation to the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol. 2002. 168:599–604.

24. Saito M, Ohmura M, Kondo A. Effect of ageing on blood flow to the bladder and bladder function. Urol Int. 1999. 62:93–98.