Diabetes Metab J.  2013 Feb;37(1):46-53. 10.4093/dmj.2013.37.1.46.

Increasing Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in a Rural Bangladeshi Population: A Population Based Study for 10 Years

• Bhowmik B
• Afsana F
• My Diep L
• Binte Munir S
• Wright E
• Mahmood S
• Khan AK
• Hussain A

• KMID: 2280742
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2013.37.1.46

Abstract

BACKGROUND
To observe changes in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and its associated risk factors in a rural Bangladeshi population over a 10-year period.
METHODS
Three cross-sectional studies were undertaken in a rural community (aged > or =20 years) in 1999, 2004, and 2009. Structured questionnaires including sociodemographic parameters, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and blood glucose values were recorded. DM and IFG were diagnosed using 1999 World Health Organization criteria.
RESULTS
Age standardized prevalence of DM increased significantly (P<0.001) from 1999 to 2009 (2.3%, 6.8%, and 7.9% in 1999, 2004, and 2009, respectively). The prevalence of IFG increased significantly (P=0.011) from 4.6% to 5.8% between 1999 and 2004 but then decreased from 5.8% to 5.3% during 2004 to 2009. Significant linear trends were shown in both sexes for general and central obesity as indicated by body mass index, waist circumference, and waist hip ratio (WHR). Increasing age and systolic blood pressure were significant risk factors for DM in all three studies. WHR for males was also significantly associated with the risk of DM in all three studies. WHR for females was only significantly associated with DM in 2009.
CONCLUSION
A significant rise in the prevalence of DM was observed in this population over 10 years. This increase was seen in both sexes, and in all age groups. A significant increase in the prevalence of the associated risk factors of general and central obesity was observed in both sexes.

Keyword

Bangladesh; Diabetes mellitus; Impaired fasting glucose; Population based study; Prevalence

MeSH Terms

Bangladesh
Blood Glucose
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Fasting
Female
Glucose
Humans
Male
Obesity, Abdominal
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Rural Population
Waist Circumference
Waist-Hip Ratio
World Health Organization
Surveys and Questionnaires
Blood Glucose
Glucose

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Age-adjusted prevalence by sex of diabetes mellitus (DM) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in rural Bangladesh for 1999, 2004, and 2009. Linear trend of diabetes (total, P<0.001; male, P<0.001; female, P=0.001), linear trend of IFG (total, P=0.357; male, P=0.031; female, P=0.49).

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