Korean J Perinatol.  2006 Jun;17(2):217-224.

Appropriate Timing of the Screening Test of Gestational Diabetes

• Jeoun HJ
• Kim HH
• Kim SY
• Sung IK
• Lee WB
• Chun CS
• Lee GS
• Kim SJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Screening tests for Gestational diabetes (GDM) are performed during the 24~28 weeks of pregnancy. Therefore, in many cases, GDM is not detected during the first trimester of pregnancy while most of important organs are developed during this period. In this review, we performed a retrospective study by dividing GDM mothers into 3 groups: diabetic, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and normal. The medical records of mothers and neonates from these three groups were compared.
METHODS
136 out of 536 GDM patients in Holy Family Hospital from 1995 to 2005 took a 75 g OGTT 6 weeks after delivery. As a result, 28 were diagnosed as diabetes, 18 had impaired glucose tolerance, and 90 were normal. The antenatal and perinatal history of above groups were retrospetively compared.
RESULTS
In the diabetic group, 46.4% of mothers had a positive family history of diabetes, where as 38% of IGT group, 31.8% of normal group had the history. Secondly, the abortion history rate for each group was 21.4%, 16.6%, 13.3%, and each group had an average HbA1C of 7.20, 5.82 and 5.69. Also, the rate of preterm labor for each group was 17.9%, 11.1%, and 4.45%. The Apgar score (1 min/ 5min) was 7.29/8.54, 7.75/8.75 and 7.89/8.97. Lastly the rate of preeclampsia for each group was 14.3%, 11.1% and 6.8%.
CONCLUSION
Three groups had distinctive differences in their perinatal morbidity both before and after delivery. Therefore, in order to reduce the perinatal morbidity and mortality rate, the present frequency or timing of GDM screening test, should be reconsidered.

Keyword

Gestational diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Impaired glucose tolerance

MeSH Terms

Abortion, Induced
Apgar Score
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes, Gestational*
Female
Glucose
Glucose Tolerance Test
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Mass Screening*
Medical Records
Mortality
Mothers
Obstetric Labor, Premature
Pre-Eclampsia
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Trimester, First
Retrospective Studies
Glucose