Korean J Orthod.  2013 Aug;43(4):168-177. 10.4041/kjod.2013.43.4.168.

Relationship between chin deviation and the position and morphology of the mandible in individuals with a unilateral cleft lip and palate

• Kim KS
• Son WS
• Park SB
• Kim SS
• Kim YI

• KMID: 2272252
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2013.43.4.168

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between chin deviation and the positional and morphological features of the mandible and to determine the factors that contributed to chin deviation in individuals with a unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).
METHODS
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 28 adults with UCLP were analyzed in this study. Segmented three-dimensional temporomandibular fossa and mandible images were reconstructed, and angular, linear, and volumetric parameters were measured.
RESULTS
For all 28 individuals, the chin was found to deviate to the cleft side by 1.59 mm. Moreover, among these 28 individuals, only 7 showed distinct (more than 4 mm) chin deviation, which was toward the cleft side. Compared to the non-cleft side, the mandibular body length, frontal ramal inclination, and vertical position of the condyle were lower and inclination of the temporomandibular fossa was steeper on the cleft side. Furthermore, the differences in inclination of the temporomandibular fossa, mandibular body length, ramus length, and condylar volume ratio (non-deviated/deviated) were positively correlated with chin deviation.
CONCLUSIONS
UCLP individuals show mild chin deviation to the cleft side. Statistical differences were noted in the parameters that represented positional and morphological asymmetries of the mandible and temporomandibular fossa; however, these differences were too small to indicate clinical significance.

Keyword

Computed tomography; Cleft lip and palate; Asymmetry

MeSH Terms

Adult
Chin
Cleft Lip
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Humans
Mandible
Palate

Figure

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  Figure 1 Three-dimensional reference planes used in this study. A, FH plane and MSR plane. B, Ba-perp. plane. PoL, Left ponon; PoR, right ponon; OrR, right orbitale. See Table 2 for the definitions of all other points and planes.

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  Figure 2 Three-dimensional measurements of mandible. A, Ramus length. B, Mandibular body length. C, Frontal ramal inclination. D, Lateral ramal inclination. See Table 2 for the definitions of all the points, planes, and measurements.

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  Figure 3 Measurement of the mandibular condyle. A, AP and ML positions of the Cc, condylar width, and condylar angulation. B, SI position of Cc. See Tables 2 and 3 for the definitions of all the points, planes, and measurements.

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  Figure 4 Segmentation of the mandibular condyle for condylar measurements. See Tables 2 and 3 for the definitions of all the points, planes, and measurements.

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  Figure 5 Three-dimensional measurements of the temporomandibular fossa. A, SI position of the RT, inclination of the temporomandibular fossa, and depth of the temporomandibular fossa. B, AP and ML positions of RT. See Tables 2 and 3 for the definitions of all the points, planes, and measurements.

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