Asian Oncol Nurs.  2013 Dec;13(4):175-183. 10.5388/aon.2013.13.4.175.

Effects of Music Therapy on Anxiety, Depression and Fatigue in Cancer Patients Undergoing Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy

• Choi HY
• Yi YJ

• KMID: 2269474
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5388/aon.2013.13.4.175

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of music therapy on anxiety, depression and fatigue in cancer patient undergoing intensity modulated radiotherapy.
METHODS
This study was a nonequivalent control pretest-posttest design. The participants were 65 cancer patients (33 experimental and 32 control group) receiving intensity modulated radiotherapy. Music therapy for the experimental group took 20-30 minutes per session for five days while they were receiving radiotherapy.
RESULTS
State anxiety, VAS anxiety and depression of the experimental group after treatment were reduced but there was no statistical significance between the experimental group and control group before and after having treatment. There was no statistical significance on the difference of fatigue between the two groups.
CONCLUSION
Music therapy is an adjuvant therapy and using other nursing intervention with music therapy could be more effective than using only music therapy to reduce the anxiety, depression and fatigue for cancer patients undergoing intensity modulated radiotherapy.

Keyword

Radiotherapy; Music Therapy; Anxiety; Depression; Fatigue

MeSH Terms

Anxiety*
Depression*
Fatigue*
Humans
Music Therapy*
Music*
Nursing
Radiotherapy*

Reference

1. Maher KE. Radiation therapy: Toxicities and management. In : Yabro CH, Frogge MH, Goodman M, Groenwald SL, editors. Cancer nursing: Principles and practice. 5th ed. Bostone, Toronto: Jones & Bartlett Pub.;2000. p. 323–335.

2. Parker RG, Withers HR. Principle of radiation oncology. In : Haskell CM, editor. Cancer treatment. 5th ed. Philadelphia, London: WB Saunders Comp.;2001. p. 52–63.

3. Kim HJ. Effects of foot-reflexo-massage on anxiety and fatigue of cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy [dissertation]. Pusan: Kosin Univ.;2004.

4. Lee WM. A study of the depression and the quality of life in patients with breast cancer [dissertation]. Iksan: Wonkwang Univ.;2007.

5. Jereczek-Fossa BA, Marsiglia HR, Orecchia R. Radiotherapy related fatigue. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2002; 41(3):317–325.

6. Turriziani A, Mattiucci GC, Montoro C, Ferro M, Maurizi F, Smaniotto D, et al. Radiotherapy-related fatigue: incidence and predictive factors. Rays. 2005; 30(2):197–203.

7. Seo YM, Oh HS, Seo WS, Kim HS. Comprehensive predictors of fatigue for cancer patients. J Korean Acad Nurs. 2006; 36:1224–1231.

8. Jang EH, Choi KS, Kwon SJ. A meta-analysis of intervention on depression in cancer patients. Asian Oncol Nurs. 2013; 13(1):1–10.

9. Kim JY, Kim YS. The effects of listening-centered and singing-centered single-session music therapy intervention on pain, anxiety, and depression of the gynecologic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Korean J Music Ther. 2010; 12(3):1–18.

10. Lee MS. The effect of music therapy on anxiety, depression in breast cancer patients. Korean J Music Ther. 2008; 7(1):1–25.

11. Kim YJ, Seo NS. Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anxiety, and depression in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. J Korean Oncol Nurs. 2010; 10(2):171–179.

12. Gerdner LA, Buckwalter KC. Music therapy in nursing interventions. Philadelphia: Saunders;1999.

13. Bradt J, Dileo C, Grocke D, Magill L. Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in cancer patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011; 10(8):CD006911.

14. Lee JH, Kim NC. Anxiety, nausea and vomiting in patients receiving total body irradiation for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Korean Oncol Nurs. 2006; 6(2):27–36.

15. Cassileth BR, Vickers AJ, Magill LA. Music therapy for mood disturbance during hospitalization for autologous stem cell transplantation. Cancer. 2003; 98:2723–2729.

16. Ezzone S, Baker C, Rosselet R, Terepka E. Music as an adjunct to antiemetic therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1998; 25(9):1551–1556.

17. Spielberger CD, Gorshch RL, Lushene RE. Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Pal. Alto. CA: Consultation Psychologist Press;1970.

18. Kim JT, Shin DK. A study based on the standardization of the STAI for Korea. New Med J. 1978; 21(11):69–75.

19. Zung WW. A self-rating depression scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1965; 12:63–70.

20. Piper BF, Lindsey AM, Dodd MJ. Fatigue mechanisms in cancer patients: developing nursing theory. Oncol Nurs Forum. 1987; 14(6):17–23.

21. Hong MS. The effects of music therapy on patients with post operative pain. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs. 1989; 1(1):57–71.

22. Smith M, Casey L, Johnson D, Gwede C, Riggin OZ. Music as a therapeutic intervention for anxiety in patients receiving radiation therapy. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2001; 28:855–862.

23. Kwekkeboom KL. Music versus distraction for procedural pain and anxiety in cancer patients. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2003; 30:433–440.

24. Noh GO, Hwang MS, Cho KS, Lim JA, Kang MK, Kim HJ, et al. Effect of music therapy as intervention on peripheral neuropathic pain and anxiety of gynecologic cancer patients undergoing paclitaxel chemotherapy. Korean J Women Health Nurs. 2011; 17(3):215–224.

25. Hong MS, Cho MJ. The effects of music therapy on pain, depression and anxiety in terminal cancer patients. J Korean Oncol Nurs. 2010; 10(1):112–118.

26. Park YS. The effects of systematic group music therapy for the inpatients with depressive mood and psychiatric behavior [dissertation]. Seoul: Seoul Univ.;1995.

27. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN practice guidelines in oncology: distress management. 2010.

28. Lee SY, Ham YH, Ok ON, Kim EJ, Kwon IG, Hwang MS, et al. The effects of foot reflexology on peripheral neuropathy, symptom distress, anxiety and depression in cancer patients treated with oxaliplatin. Asian Oncol Nurs. 2012; 12(4):305–313.

29. Clark M, Isaacks-Downton G, Wells N, Redlin-Frazier S, Eck C, Hepworth JT, et al. Use of preferred music to reduce emotional distress and symptom activity during radiation therapy. J Music Ther. 2006; 43(3):247–265.

30. Stasi R, Abriani L, Beccaglia P, Terzoli E, Amadori S. Cancer-related fatigue: evolving concepts in evaluation and treatment. Cancer. 2003; 98:1786–1801.