Korean J Anesthesiol.  1996 Sep;31(3):391-398. 10.4097/kjae.1996.31.3.391.

The Effects of Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia using Morphine or Nalbuphine to Postoperative Respiratory Depression

• Song SO
• Yook GY
• Song SK

• KMID: 2239076
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.1996.31.3.391

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of respiratory depression of IV-PCA using morphine which has potent respiratory depression or nalbuphine which has less potent respiratory depression among opioids.
METHODS
Forty patients were divided into two groups; Group M was used morphine, and Group N was used nalbuphine as a drug for IV-PCA. When patient emerges from general anesthesia, Group M was given initial bolus of 0.1 ml/kg of 0.1% morphine solution and connected Basal Bolus PCA infusor R containing morphine 50 mg per 40 ml in normal saline. Group N, similarly Group M, was given initial bolus of 0.1 ml/kg of 0.1% nalbuphine solution, and connected PCA infusor containing nalbuphine 50 mg per 40 ml in normal saline. To compare respiratory depression, arterial blood gas analyses were done preoperatively and at 1, 6 and 12 hour after IV-PCA. Simultaneously, analgesic and side effects were evaluated.
RESULTS
There were no remarkable respiratory depression such as hypercarbia(PaCO2 > 50 mmHg), hypoxemia(PaO2 < 60 mmHg) and slow respiratory rate in both groups. Analgesic and side effects were similar in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that IV-PCA using morphine or nalbuphine is relatively effective and safe method for the postoperative pain control. Ordinarily, IV-PCA dose not induce respiratory depression unless overdose in careless or mistaken mishaps are developed.

Keyword

Analgesia patient-controlled (PCA); intravenous PCA(IV-PCA); Analgesics morphine; nalbuphine; Pain postoperative; Complication respiratory depression

MeSH Terms

Analgesia, Patient-Controlled*
Analgesics, Opioid
Anesthesia, General
Blood Gas Analysis
Humans
Infusion Pumps
Morphine*
Nalbuphine*
Pain, Postoperative
Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis
Respiratory Insufficiency*
Respiratory Rate
Analgesics, Opioid
Morphine
Nalbuphine