Korean J Med.  2016 Jun;90(6):469-473. 10.3904/kjm.2016.90.6.469.

Update on Laboratory Testing for Diagnosing HIV Infection

• Lee SH

• KMID: 2218766
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2016.90.6.469

Abstract

Generally, laboratory testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is done for three reasons: for individual diagnosis and clinical management; to ensure the safety of blood or tissue products; and for public health surveillance. Many HIV-infected patients are unaware of their infections. The early diagnosis of infection is critical for medical and public health reasons. Its diagnosis is a two-step process that requires the sequential use of a highly sensitive screening test, followed by a highly specific confirmatory test. HIV-testing technology continues to evolve, with various tests currently available. This article reviews the current status of and recent advances in HIV testing.

Keyword

HIV; Diagnosis

MeSH Terms

Diagnosis
Early Diagnosis
HIV Infections*
HIV*
Humans
Mass Screening
Public Health
Public Health Surveillance