J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  2001 Mar;42(3):459-463.

Concomitant Hypertropia with Intermittent Exotropia

• Lim HT
• Jin YH

Abstract

PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and characteristics of vertical deviation in the intermittent exotropia.
METHODS
Fifty consecutive intermittent exotropes over age of 5 were prospectively studied. Patients with any significant ocular and neurologic abnormalities or orbital anatomic abnormalities, definite oblique dysfunction with A or V pattern were excluded. Ophthalmologic evaluation included visual acuity, ocular movements, measurements of angle of deviation by prism cover test, Bielschowsky head tilt test, stereoacuity test, and fundus observation for torsion by indirect ophthalmoscopy.
RESULTS
We found that 27 children(54%) had concomitant hypertropia in primary position. Mean amount of hypertropia was 4.81 PD(range: 2~20 PD). Thirty nine children(78%) showed positive Bielschowsky head tilt test. No objective torsion was observed. No inferior oblique overaction was found except for only 2 patients. All subjects had good visual acuity and stereopsis.
CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of vertical deviation in the intermittent exotropia is much higher than expected. All of the vertical deviations show positive Bielschowsky head tilt test.

Keyword

Concomitant hypertropia; Intermittent exotropia; Bielschowsky head tilt test

MeSH Terms

Depth Perception
Exotropia*
Head
Humans
Incidence
Ophthalmoscopy
Orbit
Prospective Studies
Strabismus*
Visual Acuity