J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc.  2012 May;51(3):119-126. 10.4306/jknpa.2012.51.3.119.

A Field Study of the Conditions of the Elderly in Rural Community ; The Correlation between of Sleep Quality and Quality of Life

• Kwon SM
• Seo JS
• Yang SK
• Choi JY
• Yim HW
• Jo SJ
• Jeong HS
• Yoon KH
• Nam B

• KMID: 2194608
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4306/jknpa.2012.51.3.119

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to investigate how sleep quality affects quality of life in the elderly of rural communities.
METHODS
877 elderly people aged 60 or over living in C towns participated in the study. They responded to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, EuroQol-5 dimension, Korean version of the short from of Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination for Dementia Screening and the presence of urinary incontinence.
RESULTS
Most scores of the items of the quality of life index, except self-management, showed significant correlations with the total score of the sleep quality test. Statistically significant differences were found between the positives and the negatives of the sleep quality test in the scores of all the detailed items of the quality of life index. Among the detailed items of quality of sleep, subjective quality of sleep showed the highest correlation.
CONCLUSION
The present study found that the subjective indicators such as subjective sleep quality and sleep disturbance affected quality of life in the rural lives of elderly people more than the objective indicators such as sleep durations or sleep latency periods. Based on the results of these studies, we concluded that a methodological approach and a management model to treating insomnia to improve the quality of life of the elderly would need to be developed and applied.

Keyword

Sleep disorder; Quality of life; Elderly; Rural community

MeSH Terms

Aged
Dementia
Depression
Humans
Latency Period (Psychology)
Mass Screening
Quality of Life
Rural Population
Self Care
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

Reference

1. Foley DJ, Monjan AA, Brown SL, Simonsick EM, Wallace RB, Blazer DG. Sleep complaints among elderly persons: an epidemiologic study of three communities. Sleep. 1995. 18:425–432.

2. Vitiello MV, Larsen LH, Moe KE. Age-related sleep change: gender and estrogen effects on the subjective-objective sleep quality relationships of healthy, noncomplaining older men and women. J Psychosom Res. 2004. 56:503–510.

3. Mazza M, Della Marca G, De Risio S, Mennuni GF, Mazza S. Sleep disorders in the elderly. Clin Ter. 2004. 155:391–394.

4. Ohayon MM, Carskadon MA, Guilleminault C, Vitiello MV. Meta-analysis of quantitative sleep parameters from childhood to old age in healthy individuals: developing normative sleep values across the human lifespan. Sleep. 2004. 27:1255–1273.

5. Lee M, Choh AC, Demerath EW, Knutson KL, Duren DL, Sherwood RJ, et al. Sleep disturbance in relation to health-related quality of life in adults: the Fels Longitudinal Study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2009. 13:576–583.

6. Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Sleep Medicine and Research. 2006. Washington DC: National Academies Press (US).

7. Ram S, Seirawan H, Kumar SK, Clark GT. Prevalence and impact of sleep disorders and sleep habits in the United States. Sleep Breath. 2010. 14:63–70.

8. Manocchia M, Keller S, Ware JE. Sleep problems, health-related quality of life, work functioning and health care utilization among the chronically ill. Qual Life Res. 2001. 10:331–345.

9. Ozminkowski RJ, Wang S, Walsh JK. The direct and indirect costs of untreated insomnia in adults in the United States. Sleep. 2007. 30:263–273.

10. IsHak WW, Greenberg JM, Balayan K, Kapitanski N, Jeffrey J, Fathy H, et al. Quality of life: the ultimate outcome measure of interventions in major depressive disorder. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2011. 19:229–239.

11. Jung YE, Seo HJ, Song HR, Woo YS, Yim HW, Sung HM, et al. Factors associated with subjective quality of life in Korean patients with depressive disorders: the CRESCEND study. Qual Life Res. 2011. Epub ahead of print.

12. Nam KM, Jung EK. The influence of social activity and social support perceived by elderly women living alone on their quality of life: focusing on the mediating effect of depression and death-anxiety. J Welfare Aged. 2011. 52:325–348.

13. Lin QL, Kim HK, Ann JS. Relationship between depression and quality of life in elderly women living alone: The moderating and mediating effects of social support and social activity. J Korean Gerontological Soc. 2011. 31:33–47.

14. Kim YS, Doh BN. Effects of the group art therapy program with reminiscence on cognitive function, depression and quality of life of demented elderly. Korean J Art Ther. 2005. 12:483–500.

15. Park YM, Kwon HS, Lim SY, Lee JH, Yoon KH, Son HY, et al. Optimal waist circumference cutoff value reflecting insulin resistance as a diagnostic criterion of metabolic syndrome in a nondiabetic Korean population aged 40 years and over: the Chungju Metabolic Disease Cohort (CMC) study. Yonsei Med J. 2010. 51:511–518.

16. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989. 28:193–213.

17. Sohn SI, Kim DH, Lee MY, Cho YW. The reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Breath. 2011. Epub ahead of print.

18. U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Quality of life in type 2 diabetic patients is affected by complications but not by intensive policies to improve blood glucose or blood pressure control (UKPDS 37). Diabetes Care. 1999. 22:1125–1136.

19. The EuroQol Group. EuroQol--a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy. 1990. 16:199–208.

20. Kang EJ, Shin HS, Park HJ, Jo MW, Kim SH, Kim NY. Valuing health states using EQ-5D. 2006. Seoul: Report in Korea Institute for health and social Affairs.

21. Cho MJ, Bae JN, Suh GH, Hahm BJ, Kim JK, Lee DW, et al. Validation of geriatric depression scale, Korean version(GDS) in the assessment of DSM-III-R major depression. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1999. 38:48–63.

22. Kim TH, Jhoo JH, Park JH, Kim JL, Ryu SH, Moon SW, et al. Korean version of mini mental status examination for dementia screening and its' short form. Psychiatry Investig. 2010. 7:102–108.

23. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, et al. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol Urodyn. 2002. 21:167–178.

24. Gíslason T, Reynisdóttir H, Kristbjarnarson H, Benediktsdóttir B. Sleep habits and sleep disturbances among the elderly--an epidemiological survey. J Intern Med. 1993. 234:31–39.

25. Yang CK, Yoo SY, Joo YH, Hahn HM. Sleep habits and sleep disorders among the elderly between 65-84 years who are living in a part of Pusan. Sleep Med Psychophysiol. 1997. 4:66–76.

26. Krystal AD. Depression and insomnia in women. Clin Cornerstone. 2004. 6:Suppl 1B. S19–S28.