A Study on the Application of Physical Restraints in Intensive Care Units

Kim, Mi Yeon; Park, Jeong Sook

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the application of physical restraints in ICUs of a university hospital. METHOD: Data were collected from August 1 to October 1 2009, using a recording tool from Electric Nursing Records and an observation tool for physical restraints and related factors. Frequency, percentage, and paired t-test with the SPSS/WIN 16.0 program were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
The application rate for physical restraints in 5 ICUs was 34.3&, the highest application rate was 48.4& in the neurosurgical ICU. The mean frequency for physical restraint application per patient was 1.14, and the mean hours of restraint application per incident was 113.01 hours. The most common complications of physical restraints were bruising and edema.
CONCLUSION
Many ICU nurses use physical restraints when caring for patients who are at high risk for falls, including patients have high levels of acuity, decreased level of consciousness or increased irritability. When physical restraints are applied, patients show resistance against the use resulting in side effects of bruising and edema. Therefore, nurses should observe changes in restrain sites, perform nursing interventions to prevent complications, and minimize the use of physical restraints.