Intest Res.  2016 Jan;14(1):21-29. 10.5217/ir.2016.14.1.21.

Current status and future perspectives of capsule endoscopy

• Song HJ
• Shim KN

• KMID: 2174506
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2016.14.1.21

Abstract

Small bowel capsule endoscopy (CE) was first introduced 15 years ago, and a large amount of literature has since been produced, focused on its indication, diagnostic yields, and safety. Guidelines that have made CE the primary diagnostic tool for small bowel disease have been created. Since its initial use in the small bowel, CE has been used for the esophagus, stomach, and colon. The primary indications for small bowel CE are obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, unexplained iron deficiency anemia, suspected Crohn's disease, small bowel tumors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug enteropathy, portal hypertensive enteropathy, celiac disease, etc. Colon CE provides an alternative to conventional colonoscopy, with possible use in colorectal cancer screening. Guidelines for optimal bowel preparation of CE have been suggested. The main challenges in CE are the development of new devices with the ability to provide therapy, air inflation for better visualization of the small bowel, biopsy sampling systems attached to the capsule, and the possibility of guiding and moving the capsule by an external motion controller. We review the current status and future directions of CE, and address all aspects of clinical practice, including the role of CE and long-term clinical outcomes.

Keyword

Capsule endoscopy; Intestine, small; Current; Future

MeSH Terms

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency
Biopsy
Capsule Endoscopy*
Celiac Disease
Colon
Colonoscopy
Colorectal Neoplasms
Crohn Disease
Esophagus
Hemorrhage
Inflation, Economic
Intestine, Small
Mass Screening
Stomach

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Korean Gut Image Study Group guidelines for proposed approach to diagnosis and management of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.7 Dashed arrows indicate less-preferred options. GI, gastrointestinal; EGD, esophagogastroduodenoscopy; CE, capsule endoscopy; CTE, CT enterography; DE, deep enteroscopy; PE, push enteroscopy; SB, small bowel; IOE, intraoperative enteroscopy.

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