Diabetes Metab J.  2014 Dec;38(6):416-425. 10.4093/dmj.2014.38.6.416.

Current Concepts in Diabetic Retinopathy

• Song SJ
• Wong TY

• KMID: 2174078
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.6.416

Abstract

For the past several decades, tremendous efforts have been made to decrease the complications of diabetes, including diabetic retinopathy. New diagnostic modalities like ultrawide field fundus fluorescein angiography and spectral domain optical coherence tomography has allowed more accurate diagnosis of early diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. Antivascular endothelial growth factors are now extensively used to treat diabetic retinopathy and macular edema with promising results. There remains uncertainty over the long term effects and the socioeconomic costs of these agents.

Keyword

Diabetic retinopathy; Epidemiology; Vascular endothelial growth factor

MeSH Terms

Diabetic Retinopathy*
Diagnosis
Endothelial Growth Factors
Epidemiology
Fluorescein Angiography
Macular Edema
Tomography, Optical Coherence
Uncertainty
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Endothelial Growth Factors
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Ultrawide-field fluorescein angiogram demonstrates peripheral neovascularization and capillary nonperfusion (arrows) in eye with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

• 

  Fig. 2 Decreased of cystoid diabetic macular edema after intravitreal bevacizumab injection documented by spectral domain optical coherence tomography. (A) Severe cystoid diabetic macular edema with intraretinal cystoid spaces. Vision with 0.12. (B) Decrease of macular thickness with disappearance of intraretinal cystic space after injection. Vision improved to 0.5.

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