Hanyang Med Rev.  2013 Aug;33(3):178-184. 10.7599/hmr.2013.33.3.178.

Adverse Effects of Ureteral Stent and Development of the Antireflux Ureteral Stent

• Lee JW
• Park CJ
• Jeong S
• Lee JH
• Moon HS

• KMID: 2168266
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2013.33.3.178

Abstract

The double J ureteral stent (D-J stent) represents the ureteral catheter widely used nowadays. The main purpose of the D-J stent is to resolve ureteral obstruction caused by intraureteral or extra-ureteral etiologies. Indications of D-J stents have been extended and it has become one of the most important surgical instruments that protect the kidney and ureter. The ideal D-J stent should be easy to insert and remove and should not cause any adverse effects in vivo. In addition, it has to function well. However, there has been no immaculate D-J stent because our body conceives the ureteral stent as a foreign object and numerous developments are being made in order to overcome it. Vesicoureteral reflux, one of the adverse effects of the D-J stent, is the most troublesome adverse effect because it may scar the renal parenchyma, leading to permanent deterioration of renal function. This review is to discuss adverse effects of ureteral stents and to present the novel antireflux D-J stent that may reduce vesicoureteral reflux.

Keyword

Ureter; Stents; Prosthesis Design; Postoperative Complications; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

MeSH Terms

Cicatrix
Kidney
Postoperative Complications
Prosthesis Design
Stents
Surgical Instruments
Ureter
Ureteral Obstruction
Urinary Catheters
Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Normal position and shape of D-J ureteral catheter in the right ureter.

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  Fig. 2 Biomaterials of ureteral stents. (A) Polyurethane, (B) Metal.

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  Fig. 3 Malposition of D-J ureteral catheter in the left ureter. (A) The proximal tip of D-J ureteral catheter looks like "fish reeling" which means the typical shape of malposition. (B) The proximal tip of D-J ureteral catheter is in the upper ureter lumen.

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  Fig. 4 Migration of distal tip of the D-J ureteral catheter to the bladder neck.

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  Fig. 5 Schematic design of antireflux valve with 4 flaps: (A) P1P2 (Close). *P (Pressure).

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  Fig. 6 Photo images of the antireflux stent. (A) Antireflux valve, (B) D-J stent bonded with an antireflux valve, (C) D-J stent connected to guide wire.

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