Clin Endosc.  2016 Mar;49(2):131-138. 10.5946/ce.2016.044.

Past, Present, and Future of Gastrointestinal Stents: New Endoscopic Ultrasonography-Guided Metal Stents and Future Developments

• Lee HS
• Chung MJ

• KMID: 2165036
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2016.044

Abstract

Innovations in stent technology and technological advances in endoscopic ultrasonography have led to rapid expansion of their use in the field of gastrointestinal diseases. In particular, endoscopic ultrasonography-guided metal stent insertion has been used for the management of pancreatic fluid collection, bile duct drainage, gallbladder decompression, and gastric bypass. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided drainage of intra-abdominal fluid collections using a plastic or metal stent is well established. Because of the various limitations-such as stent migration, injury and bleeding in the lumen-recently developed, fully covered self-expanding metal stents or lumen-apposing metal stents have been introduced for those fluids management. This article reviews the recent literature on newly developed endoscopic ultrasonography-guided metal stents and the efficacy thereof.

Keyword

Endosonography; Metal stent

MeSH Terms

Bile Ducts
Decompression
Drainage
Endosonography
Gallbladder
Gastric Bypass
Gastrointestinal Diseases
Hemorrhage
Plastics
Stents*
Plastics

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Flow diagram of the literature review. EUS, endoscopic ultrasonography.

• 

  Fig. 2. Lumen-apposing metal stent. (A) AXIOS stent (Boston Scientific), (B) Nagi stent (Taewoong Medical Co. Ltd.). Adapted from Boston Scientific and Taewoong Medical Co. Ltd.

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  Fig. 3. Lumen-apposing metal stent. Spaxus stent (Taewoong Medical Co. Ltd.). Adapted from Taewoong Medical Co. Ltd.

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