J Gynecol Oncol.  2014 Jul;25(3):183-187. 10.3802/jgo.2014.25.3.183.

Condom and oral contraceptive use and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Australian women

• Chih HJ
• Lee AH
• Colville L
• Xu D
• Binns CW

• KMID: 2130098
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3802/jgo.2014.25.3.183

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To assess the association between condom use and oral contraceptive consumption and the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Perth clinics. A total of 348 women responded to the structured questionnaire. Information sought included demographic and lifestyle characteristics such as the use of condom for contraception, consumption of oral contraceptive, and duration of oral contraceptive usage. Crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and associated 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using unconditional logistic regression models and reported as estimates of the relative risk.
RESULTS
The prevalence of CIN was found to be 15.8%. The duration of oral contraceptive consumption among women with abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) smear result indicating CIN was significantly shorter than those without abnormal Pap smear result (mean+/-SD, 5.6+/-5.2 years vs. 8.2+/-7.6 years; p=0.002). Comparing to < or =3 years usage, prolonged consumption of oral contraceptive for > or =10 years reduced the risk of CIN (p=0.012). However, use of condom for contraception might not be associated with a reduced risk of CIN after accounting for the effects of confounding factors (adjusted OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.05 to 5.11; p=0.577).
CONCLUSION
Use of oral contraceptives, but not condoms, for contraception appeared to be inversely associated with CIN. Prolonged use of oral contraceptive demonstrated its benefits of reducing the risk of CIN.

Keyword

Australia; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; Comparative study; Condom; Oral contraceptive

MeSH Terms

Adult
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia/epidemiology/*prevention & control
Condoms/*utilization
Contraception Behavior/*statistics & numerical data
Contraceptives, Oral/*administration & dosage
Cross-Sectional Studies
Drug Administration Schedule
Drug Utilization/statistics & numerical data
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Risk Assessment/methods
Socioeconomic Factors
Western Australia/epidemiology
Contraceptives, Oral

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