Clinical Study of the Intravenous Amiodarone in Acute Myocardial Infarction with Life-Threatening Refractory Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias

Choi, Yu Jeong; Lim, Sang Wook; Park, Jae Wan; Whang, Kyung Wha; Ann, In Sup; Kim, Joon Young; Oh, Jane C; Park, Pil Won; Kim, Tae Yong; Cho, Yoon Kyung; Cha, Dong Hoon

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Recently, the amiodarone has emerged as a promising antiarrhythmic agent and its efficacy and safety has been widely accepted with many literatures. But there was no general agreement regarding the dosage and indication of intravenous (IV) amiodarone in acute myocardial infarction with life-threatening refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmias. METHOD: From October 1995 through October 1997, we recruited retrospectively 9 patients of acute myocardial infarction who had received IV amiodarone for life-threatening refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmias and analyzed the initial response, adverse effect, and loading dose.
RESULTS
1) Acute efficacy:Eight of 9 patients promptly restored normal sinus rhythm immediately after intravenous amiodarone administration. 2) In-Hospital Mortality:One patients died due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias refractory to aggressive management and 5 in 8 patients who had responded promptly with IV amiodarone discharged alive and other 3 patients died due to cardiogenic shock with normal sinus rhythm. 3) Immediate adverse effects:Five patients experienced immediate adverse effects after IV amiodarone; 3 patients of hypotension, 1 patient of first degree AV block, and the other of Morbitz type 2 AV block. 4) Long term follow-up:Among 5 patients discharged alive, one died as unexpected consequence. Other 4 patients have been still alive without maintenance medication.
CONCLUSION
The IV amiodarone for suppression of life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction seemed to be an effective second-line therapeutic drug and have acceptable adverse effects. In the future, the large scale study regarding the dosage and indication might be warrented.