Radiat Oncol J.  2013 Jun;31(2):81-87. 10.3857/roj.2013.31.2.81.

Endoscopic findings of rectal mucosal damage after pelvic radiotherapy for cervical carcinoma: correlation of rectal mucosal damage with radiation dose and clinical symptoms

• Kim TG
• Huh SJ
• Park W

• KMID: 2051122
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3857/roj.2013.31.2.81

Abstract

PURPOSE
To describe chronic rectal mucosal damage after pelvic radiotherapy (RT) for cervical cancer and correlate these findings with clinical symptoms and radiation dose.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-two patients who underwent pelvic RT were diagnosed with radiation-induced proctitis based on endoscopy findings. The median follow-up period was 35 months after external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and intracavitary radiotherapy (ICR). The Vienna Rectoscopy Score (VRS) was used to describe the endoscopic findings and compared to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) morbidity score and the dosimetric parameters of RT (the ratio of rectal dose calculated at the rectal point [RP] to the prescribed dose, biologically effective dose [BED] at the RP in the ICR and EBRT plans, alpha/beta = 3).
RESULTS
Rectal symptoms were noted in 28 patients (rectal bleeding in 21 patients, bowel habit changes in 6, mucosal stools in 1), and 4 patients had no symptoms. Endoscopic findings included telangiectasia in 18 patients, congested mucosa in 20, ulceration in 5, and stricture in 1. The RP ratio, BEDICR, BEDICR+EBRT was significantly associated with the VRS (RP ratio, median 76.5%; BEDICR, median 37.1 Gy3; BEDICR+EBRT, median 102.5 Gy3; p < 0.001). The VRS was significantly associated with the EORTC/RTOG score (p = 0.038).
CONCLUSION
The most prevalent endoscopic findings of RT-induced proctitis were telangiectasia and congested mucosa. The VRS was significantly associated with the EORTC/RTOG score and RP radiation dose.

Keyword

Cervix cancer; Endoscopy; Pelvic radiotherapy; Radiation injuries; Rectum

MeSH Terms

Constriction, Pathologic
Endoscopy
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)
Follow-Up Studies
Hemorrhage
Humans
Mucous Membrane
Proctitis
Radiation Injuries
Rectum
Telangiectasis
Ulcer
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)