Clinical Aspect and Prognosis of Stenotrophomonas (Xanthomonas) Maltophilia Keratitis

You, In Cheon; Lee, Seung Hyun; Park, Yeoung Geol; Yoon, Kyung Chul

Abstract

PURPOSE: To investigate the risk factor, clinical manifestations, treatment results, and prognoses in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia keratitis.
METHODS
Ten eyes of 10 patients who were diagnosed with, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia by corneal smear and culture were included in this study. Each patient's past history, visual acuity, location and size of ulceration, hypopyon, treatment results and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively.
RESULTS
Seven pateints (70.0%) were men, and 3 were women. The mean age was 62.9+/-11.3 years. Only 2 eyes (20.0%) had previous histories of corneal traumas. Polymicrobial infections, including 3 cases infected with Pseudomonas species and 2 cases infected with Fusarium species, were detected in 7 eyes (70.0%). The lesions were located at the corneal center in 6 eyes, and hypopyon was observed in 9 eyes. The average size of ulceration was 28.5+/-19.6 mm2. Seven eyes (70.0%) underwent surgical treatment. The initial visual acuity was less than 0.02 in 9 eyes (90.0%). The final visual acuity improved in 3 eyes (30.0%) and was less than hand movement in 7 eyes (70.0%).
CONCLUSIONS
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia keratitis occurs in patients with a compromised ocular surface, is often polymicrobial, and is associated with poor prognoses.