Umbilical artery blood gas analysis and its relationship with the placenta to birth weight ratios at birth in preeclampsia and small for gestational age

Park, Ho Beom; Cho, Hyun Chul; Kwack, Min Jung; Park, Man Chul

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to compare the umbilical artery blood gas analysis and assess the relationship between fetal oxygenation and placenta to birth weight ratios in preeclampsia and small for gestational age.
METHODS
We compared the results of umbilical artery blood gas analysis and placenta to birth weight ratio in group of preeclampsia (N=28), group of small for gestational age (N=15), group of large for gestational age (N=15), and controls (N=24). And we also divided all of them into 3 groups by placenta to birth weight ratio at birth, <0.2 (N=25), 0.2-0.25 (N=39) and >0.25 (N=18). We compared umbilical artery gas analysis in each groups.
RESULTS
The placenta to birth weight ratio in PE was significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). Umbilical artery pO2 and O2 saturations in each group of preeclampsia and small for gestational age were significantly lower than group of large for gestational age and controls (p<0.05). But we could not find any differences in other umbilical artery blood gas analysis (pH, pCO2, HCO3-). Umbilical artery pO2 and O2 saturations of higher placenta to birth weight ratio were stepwise lower than those of lower placenta to birth weight ratio but, pCO2 of higher placenta to birth weight ratio was stepwise lower than those of lower placenta to birth weight ratio. But there was no significant difference.
CONCLUSION
Our data suggested that fetal oxygenation is significant determinant of fetal growth from small for gestational age and preeclampsia. And it may be related to placental implantaton and growth.